Potentilla newberryi |
Potentilla villosa |
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Newberry's cinquefoil |
hairy cinquefoil, northern cinquefoil, villous cinquefoil |
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Habit | Plants ± to densely tufted. | |
Caudex branches | stout, sometimes short-columnar, not sheathed with marcescent whole leaves. |
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Stems | ascending, 0.5–2(–2.5) dm, lengths 1.5–3 times basal leaves. |
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Basal leaves | petiole 1–3.5 cm, long hairs ± abundant, 0.5–1.5 mm, short hairs absent or sparse, rarely common; leaflets 0.2–1 cm, lobes oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, (0.5–)1–2 mm wide, longs hairs ± abundant, short hairs absent or sparse, glands sparse to abundant. |
2–12(–15) cm; petiole 1–9(–12) cm, long hairs ± abundant to dense, spreading to ascending, 1–2.5(–3) mm, soft to weak, smooth, crisped hairs absent or sparse, cottony hairs absent, glands sparse to common, sometimes obscured; leaflets usually ± overlapping, central broadly obovate to suborbiculate, (0.5–)1.5–2.5(–3) × (0.5–)1.5–2.6(–3.2) cm, sessile to subsessile, base cuneate to rounded, margins revolute, distal 1/2–2/3(–3/4) incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth 3–6(–7) per side, ± approximate to ± distant, surfaces ± dissimilar, abaxial yellowish or grayish white, long hairs 1–2 mm, cottony-crisped hairs ± dense, adaxial grayish green, long hairs abundant to dense, crisped hairs absent, sparse, or obscured. |
Cauline leaves | (0–)1–2. |
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Inflorescences | (1–)2–7(–10)-flowered. |
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Pedicels | 0.5–3(–4) cm in flower, to 4 cm in fruit. |
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Flowers | epicalyx bractlets broadly lanceolate to elliptic, 1.5–4(–5) × (0.4–)0.8–1.3 mm; sepals 2–4(–5) mm, apex ± acute; petals (3–)4–6 × (2–)3–5 mm; filaments 1–2(–2.5) mm, anthers 0.4–0.6 mm; carpels 20–50. |
epicalyx bractlets ovate to oval-elliptic, 3–8 × 2–5 mm, 2/3 to as wide as sepals, margins strongly revolute, red glands absent; hypanthium 5–7 mm diam.; sepals 4–8 mm, apex ± acute; petals (5–)7–15 × 7–16 mm, significantly longer than sepals; filaments 1.8–2.1 mm, anthers 0.7–0.8 mm; carpels 150–250, apical hairs usually absent, rarely present (cottony), styles narrowly conic to tapered, ± papillate-swollen on proximal 1/5–1/2, 0.9–1.1 mm. |
Achenes | 0.9–1.2 mm. |
0.9–1.3 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
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Potentilla newberryi |
Potentilla villosa |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Moist, sandy to clayey, more or less alkaline soil, especially where seasonally inundated near streams, ponds, and lakes | Sea cliffs, gravel beaches, inland on alpine outcrops (primarily southern populations), pumice barrens, scree and rock ledges |
Elevation | 1300–1800 m (4300–5900 ft) | 0–100(–1800) m (0–300(–5900) ft) |
Distribution |
CA; NV; OR; WA
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AK; OR; WA; BC; e Asia (Russian Far East)
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Discussion | Potentilla newberryi grows in valley bottoms in south-central Oregon, northeastern California, and northwestern Nevada. The only specimen supposedly collected in south-central Washington (W. N. Suksdorf 2718, WTU) was gathered in 1898. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Potentilla villosa is the only documented diploid species of sect. Niveae in North America and, almost certainly, it is fully sexual. It is a characteristic species of coarse-grained beaches and coastal cliffs from southwestern British Columbia to western Alaska and the Russian Far East, and also occurs on scattered mountains in the Olympic Peninsula and Cascade Range of Washington and Oregon (providing the higher elevational extreme). These southern populations, which have been called var. parviflora, tend to be smaller, more delicate, less hairy plants in general, with fewer and smaller flowers. At least some plants in some southern populations also have cottony hairs on the carpels. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 137. | FNA vol. 9, p. 201. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Arenicolae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Niveae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ivesia gracilis | P. villosa var. parviflora |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 532. (1865) — not P. gracilis Douglas ex Hooker 1830 | Pallas ex Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 353. (1813) |
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