Potentilla newberryi |
Potentilla subvahliana |
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Newberry's cinquefoil |
high arctic cinquefoil |
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Habit | Plants usually cushion-forming. | |
Caudex branches | stout, columnar, sheathed with marcescent whole leaves. |
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Stems | erect, 0.2–0.6(–1.1) dm, lengths 2–4 times basal leaves. |
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Basal leaves | petiole 1–3.5 cm, long hairs ± abundant, 0.5–1.5 mm, short hairs absent or sparse, rarely common; leaflets 0.2–1 cm, lobes oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, (0.5–)1–2 mm wide, longs hairs ± abundant, short hairs absent or sparse, glands sparse to abundant. |
0.5–2.5(–3) cm; petiole 0.3–1.5(–2) cm, long hairs common to abundant, spreading to ascending, 1(–2) mm, ± weak, rarely stiff, smooth, crisped/short-cottony hairs usually absent, sometimes sparse, glands sparse to common; leaflets separate to slightly overlapping, central obovate, 0.5–1.2(–1.5) × 0.4–0.9(–1) cm, subsessile to short-petiolulate, base cuneate, margins revolute, distal 1/2 incised 1/2–3/4 to midvein, teeth (1–)2–3(–4) per side, ± distant, surfaces ± dissimilar, abaxial grayish or yellowish white, long hairs 0.5–1 mm, cottony-crisped hairs ± dense (often obscured by long hairs), adaxial dark green to greenish gray, long hairs ± abundant, other hairs absent. |
Cauline leaves | (0–)1(–2). |
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Inflorescences | 1(–2)-flowered. |
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Pedicels | 1–2(–3) cm in flower, to 5.5 cm in fruit. |
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Flowers | epicalyx bractlets broadly lanceolate to elliptic, 1.5–4(–5) × (0.4–)0.8–1.3 mm; sepals 2–4(–5) mm, apex ± acute; petals (3–)4–6 × (2–)3–5 mm; filaments 1–2(–2.5) mm, anthers 0.4–0.6 mm; carpels 20–50. |
epicalyx bractlets lanceolate to elliptic-ovate, rarely linear, 3–6(–7) × 0.8–2(–2.3) mm, (1/2–)2/3 to nearly as wide as sepals, margins flat or ± revolute, red glands absent; hypanthium 2.5–4 mm diam.; sepals 3–5(–6) mm, apex obtuse to subacute; petals 4–8(–9) × 4–9 mm, longer than sepals; filaments 1–1.3 mm, anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; carpels 25–35, apical hairs absent, styles conic-columnar, ± papillate-swollen on less than proximal 1/5, 0.9–1.1 mm. |
Achenes | 0.9–1.2 mm. |
1.2–1.6 mm. |
2n | = 28 (Russian Far East). |
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Potentilla newberryi |
Potentilla subvahliana |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering late spring to summer. |
Habitat | Moist, sandy to clayey, more or less alkaline soil, especially where seasonally inundated near streams, ponds, and lakes | Rocky alpine heaths, rock outcrops and crevices, scree and talus, dry tundra, coastal bluffs, stabilized sand dunes, usually on calcareous bedrock |
Elevation | 1300–1800 m (4300–5900 ft) | 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; NV; OR; WA
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AK; AB; BC; NT; NU; QC; YT; Greenland; e Asia (Russian Far East) |
Discussion | Potentilla newberryi grows in valley bottoms in south-central Oregon, northeastern California, and northwestern Nevada. The only specimen supposedly collected in south-central Washington (W. N. Suksdorf 2718, WTU) was gathered in 1898. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The major part of the range assigned to Potentilla vahliana by E. Hultén (1968) belongs to P. subvahliana. Two morphologic types are present within what is accepted here as Potentilla subvahliana. Plants corresponding to the type of P. subvahliana (Wrangel Island) are widespread throughout northeastern Asia (Chukotka) and arctic North America to northwestern Greenland. Some plants in alpine Alaska, Yukon, and east to Amundsen Gulf, Nunavut, are redder, more densely columnar, and less hairy, with smaller leaves having fewer and narrower lobes, more slender one-flowered stems, narrow and entire bracts, narrower sepals, and much narrower epicalyx bractlets. Potentilla subvahliana is tetraploid, perhaps an allopolyploid, and could consist of lineages from different parental combinations. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 137. | FNA vol. 9, p. 203. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Arenicolae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Niveae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ivesia gracilis | |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 532. (1865) — not P. gracilis Douglas ex Hooker 1830 | Jurtzev: in A. I. Tolmatchew, Fl. Arct. URSS 9(1): 319. (1984) |
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