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Newberry's cinquefoil

arctic cinquefoil, subarctic cinquefoil

Habit Plants cushion-forming; caudex branches short to elongate, slender, often embedded in old leaf bases.
Stems

ascending to erect, 0.2–2(–2.5) dm, lengths 1–3(–4) times basal leaves.

Basal leaves

petiole 1–3.5 cm, long hairs ± abundant, 0.5–1.5 mm, short hairs absent or sparse, rarely common;

leaflets 0.2–1 cm, lobes oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, (0.5–)1–2 mm wide, longs hairs ± abundant, short hairs absent or sparse, glands sparse to abundant.

not in ranks, ternate, (1–)2–8(–10) cm;

stipules: apex ± acute;

petiole 1–6.5(–8.5) cm, long hairs sparse to common, spreading to subappressed, 0.8–2 mm, weak to ± stiff, glands sparse to common;

leaflets 3, central obovate to broadly obovate, 0.5–2.5(–2.8) × 0.3–2(–2.2) cm, petiolule 0–3 mm, margins flat or slightly revolute, not lobed, distal 1/2–2/3(–3/4) evenly incised ± 1/2 to midvein, teeth (2–)3–5 per side, surfaces ± similar, abaxial usually pale green, sometimes grayish, hairs sparse to abundant, 0.5–1.7 mm, adaxial darker green, hairs and glands sparse.

Inflorescences

1–3(–5)-flowered.

Pedicels

straight, 0.3–3 cm in flower, to 9 cm in fruit.

Flowers

epicalyx bractlets broadly lanceolate to elliptic, 1.5–4(–5) × (0.4–)0.8–1.3 mm;

sepals 2–4(–5) mm, apex ± acute;

petals (3–)4–6 × (2–)3–5 mm;

filaments 1–2(–2.5) mm, anthers 0.4–0.6 mm;

carpels 20–50.

epicalyx bractlets narrowly to broadly oblong or ovate, 3.5–7 × 1.5–5 mm, margins flat;

hypanthium 4–7 mm diam.;

sepals 4–8 mm, apex subacute to rounded;

petals pale or bright yellow, 4–9 × 4–6 mm;

filaments 0.5–1.1 mm, anthers 0.2–0.4 mm;

carpels 50–80, styles ± columnar, not or scarcely papillate-swollen proximally, 0.6–0.9 mm.

Achenes

0.9–1.2 mm.

1.1–1.3 mm.

Potentilla newberryi

Potentilla hyparctica

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Moist, sandy to clayey, more or less alkaline soil, especially where seasonally inundated near streams, ponds, and lakes
Elevation 1300–1800 m (4300–5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV; OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; MT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NL; NT; NU; QC; YT; n Eurasia; circumpolar
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Potentilla newberryi grows in valley bottoms in south-central Oregon, northeastern California, and northwestern Nevada. The only specimen supposedly collected in south-central Washington (W. N. Suksdorf 2718, WTU) was gathered in 1898.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora).

Southern arctic and subarctic plants differ from the northern arctic ones in presumably independent features. Where the two forms are sympatric (western Greenland, northern Quebec, Baffin Island), they appear to remain distinct even in mixed populations and are accordingly treated as subspecies.

Although some features of scattered plants in Alaska and Yukon approach subsp. nivicola Jurtzev & V. V. Petrovsky (described from northeastern Asia), such plants do not otherwise correspond fully with this taxon. Possible hybrids between Potentilla hyparctica and P. pulchella (sect. Pensylvanicae) are addressed in the discussion of sect. Pensylvanicae. Presumed hybrids with P. villosa from the Aleutian Islands, characterized by the combination of basally thickened styles and lack of cottony hairs on leaflet abaxial surfaces, have been named P. ×aleutica Soják.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Epicalyx bractlets narrowly to ± oblong or ovate, 1.5–2 mm wide; central leaflets: petiolules 0–2 mm, bases cuneate.
subsp. hyparctica
1. Epicalyx bractlets broadly oblong or ovate, 2–5 mm wide; central leaflets: petiolules (0–)2–3(–5) mm, bases broadly cuneate to rounded.
subsp. elatior
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 137. FNA vol. 9, p. 192.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Arenicolae Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Aureae
Sibling taxa
P. albiflora, P. ambigens, P. anachoretica, P. angelliae, P. anglica, P. anserina, P. arenosa, P. argentea, P. arizonica, P. basaltica, P. bicrenata, P. biennis, P. biflora, P. bimundorum, P. bipinnatifida, P. brevifolia, P. breweri, P. bruceae, P. brunnescens, P. canadensis, P. concinna, P. cottamii, P. crantzii, P. crebridens, P. crinita, P. cristae, P. demotica, P. drummondii, P. effusa, P. elegans, P. erecta, P. flabellifolia, P. fragiformis, P. furcata, P. glaucophylla, P. gracilis, P. grayi, P. hickmanii, P. hippiana, P. holmgrenii, P. hookeriana, P. hyparctica, P. inclinata, P. intermedia, P. jepsonii, P. johnstonii, P. lasiodonta, P. litoralis, P. macounii, P. millefolia, P. modesta, P. morefieldii, P. multijuga, P. multisecta, P. nana, P. nivea, P. norvegica, P. ovina, P. paucijuga, P. pedersenii, P. pensylvanica, P. plattensis, P. pseudosericea, P. pulchella, P. pulcherrima, P. recta, P. reptans, P. rhyolitica, P. rimicola, P. rivalis, P. robbinsiana, P. rubella, P. rubricaulis, P. sanguinea, P. saximontana, P. sierrae-blancae, P. simplex, P. sterilis, P. stipularis, P. subgorodkovii, P. subjuga, P. subvahliana, P. subviscosa, P. supina, P. thurberi, P. thuringiaca, P. tikhomirovii, P. townsendii, P. uliginosa, P. uschakovii, P. vahliana, P. verna, P. versicolor, P. villosa, P. villosula, P. vulcanicola, P. wheeleri
P. albiflora, P. ambigens, P. anachoretica, P. angelliae, P. anglica, P. anserina, P. arenosa, P. argentea, P. arizonica, P. basaltica, P. bicrenata, P. biennis, P. biflora, P. bimundorum, P. bipinnatifida, P. brevifolia, P. breweri, P. bruceae, P. brunnescens, P. canadensis, P. concinna, P. cottamii, P. crantzii, P. crebridens, P. crinita, P. cristae, P. demotica, P. drummondii, P. effusa, P. elegans, P. erecta, P. flabellifolia, P. fragiformis, P. furcata, P. glaucophylla, P. gracilis, P. grayi, P. hickmanii, P. hippiana, P. holmgrenii, P. hookeriana, P. inclinata, P. intermedia, P. jepsonii, P. johnstonii, P. lasiodonta, P. litoralis, P. macounii, P. millefolia, P. modesta, P. morefieldii, P. multijuga, P. multisecta, P. nana, P. newberryi, P. nivea, P. norvegica, P. ovina, P. paucijuga, P. pedersenii, P. pensylvanica, P. plattensis, P. pseudosericea, P. pulchella, P. pulcherrima, P. recta, P. reptans, P. rhyolitica, P. rimicola, P. rivalis, P. robbinsiana, P. rubella, P. rubricaulis, P. sanguinea, P. saximontana, P. sierrae-blancae, P. simplex, P. sterilis, P. stipularis, P. subgorodkovii, P. subjuga, P. subvahliana, P. subviscosa, P. supina, P. thurberi, P. thuringiaca, P. tikhomirovii, P. townsendii, P. uliginosa, P. uschakovii, P. vahliana, P. verna, P. versicolor, P. villosa, P. villosula, P. vulcanicola, P. wheeleri
Subordinate taxa
P. hyparctica subsp. elatior, P. hyparctica subsp. hyparctica
Synonyms Ivesia gracilis P. robbinsiana subsp. hyparctica
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 532. (1865) — not P. gracilis Douglas ex Hooker 1830 Malte: Rhodora 36: 177. (1934)
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