Potentilla newberryi |
Potentilla biennis |
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Newberry's cinquefoil |
biennial cinquefoil, biennial or Greene's cinquefoil, Greene's cinquefoil |
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Stems | ascending to erect, (1–)2–6(–8.5) dm, hairs at base not stiff, not tubercle-based, glands sparse to abundant, conspicuous (to 1 mm, septate). |
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Leaves | ternate, (2–)4–12(–25) cm; petiole (1–)2–8(–20) cm, long hairs sparse to common, spreading to ascending, 0.5–1.5(–3) mm, weak, crisped hairs usually absent, glands sparse to abundant, conspicuous (to 1 mm, septate); leaflets 3, at tip of leaf axis, usually overlapping, largest ones mostly obovate or oval to nearly round, (0.5–)1–3(–4) × 0.3–3(–3.5) cm, distal 3/4 to ± whole margin evenly to unevenly incised 1/4–1/3(–1/2) to midvein, teeth 3–8(–13) per side, surfaces sparsely to moderately hairy, rarely glabrate, glands sparse to abundant at least abaxially. |
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Basal leaves | petiole 1–3.5 cm, long hairs ± abundant, 0.5–1.5 mm, short hairs absent or sparse, rarely common; leaflets 0.2–1 cm, lobes oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, (0.5–)1–2 mm wide, longs hairs ± abundant, short hairs absent or sparse, glands sparse to abundant. |
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Inflorescences | (10–)20–70+-flowered. |
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Pedicels | 0.2–1(–2) cm. |
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Flowers | epicalyx bractlets broadly lanceolate to elliptic, 1.5–4(–5) × (0.4–)0.8–1.3 mm; sepals 2–4(–5) mm, apex ± acute; petals (3–)4–6 × (2–)3–5 mm; filaments 1–2(–2.5) mm, anthers 0.4–0.6 mm; carpels 20–50. |
epicalyx bractlets narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or elliptic, (1.5–)2–3.5(–4.5) × 0.5–1.5(–2) mm; hypanthium (2–)3–4(–5.5) mm diam.; sepals (2–)3–5 mm, apex broadly acute to obtuse; petals pale yellow to yellow, broadly oblanceolate to obovate, (1–)2–2.7 × 1.5 mm; stamens 10 or 15, filaments 0.5–1.2 mm, anthers 0.2–0.3 mm; carpels 40–100, styles 0.5–0.7 mm. |
Achenes | 0.9–1.2 mm. |
whitish or pale yellowish, 0.5–0.9 mm, smooth, without a corky protuberance. |
Potentilla newberryi |
Potentilla biennis |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist, sandy to clayey, more or less alkaline soil, especially where seasonally inundated near streams, ponds, and lakes | Moist meadows, stream banks, ditches, seepages |
Elevation | 1300–1800 m (4300–5900 ft) | 400–3100 m (1300–10200 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; NV; OR; WA
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK; YT
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Discussion | Potentilla newberryi grows in valley bottoms in south-central Oregon, northeastern California, and northwestern Nevada. The only specimen supposedly collected in south-central Washington (W. N. Suksdorf 2718, WTU) was gathered in 1898. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Potentilla biennis may be recognized by its septate hairs with a round, terminal gland, which dominate the vestiture especially at the base of the plant. Stems are more commonly erect and leaflets rounder than those of P. rivalis. The species is most common along the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada of California, across the Intermountain Region to the Rocky Mountains. All specimens seen by the authors from Baja California, Mexico, which were previously referred to P. biennis are now assigned to P. rivalis. J. Soják (1996) lectotypified Potentilla millegrana Engelmann ex Lehmann upon a collection of P. rivalis, thus preventing P. biennis from being a later taxonomic synonym. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 137. | FNA vol. 9, p. 140. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Arenicolae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Rivales |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ivesia gracilis | |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 532. (1865) — not P. gracilis Douglas ex Hooker 1830 | Greene: Fl. Francisc., 65. (1891) |
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