Potentilla hippiana |
Potentilla rimicola |
|
---|---|---|
Hipp's cinquefoil, horse cinquefoil, potentille de Hipp, woolly cinquefoil |
cliff cinquefoil |
|
Stems | (0.3–)2–4(–5) dm, lengths (1–)2–4 times basal leaves. |
0.4–2(–3) dm. |
Basal leaves | pinnate to subpinnate, (3–)5–15(–25) cm; petiole 1–10(–15) cm, long hairs abundant to dense, tightly appressed, 1–2.5 mm, stiff, short hairs absent or obscured, crisped-cottony hairs absent or sparse to common, glands absent or obscured; leaflets not conduplicate, lateral ones evenly (to unevenly in argyrea phase) paired, (2–)3–6(–7) per side on distal (1/6–)1/5–1/2 of leaf axis, distal pairs ± decurrent, often confluent with terminal leaflet, larger leaflets oblanceolate or narrowly obovate to oblong, 1–5(–6) × 0.3–1.5 cm, distal (2/3–)3/4 to whole margin incised 1/2 or less (rarely more) to midvein, teeth (5–)7–12(–18) per side, 1–4 mm, surfaces ± to strongly dissimilar, abaxial white, long hairs abundant (mostly on, but not limited to, veins), 1–2 mm, stiff, short hairs absent or obscured, crisped-cottony hairs abundant to dense, glands absent or obscured, adaxial green to grayish, long hairs sparse to common, rarely absent, short or crisped to, sometimes, cottony hairs absent or sparse to common, glands sparse. |
palmate, 3–10 cm; petiole 1–7 cm, long hairs abundant, spreading to ascending, 1–3 mm, weak, glands abundant; leaflets 5, central oblanceolate to broadly obovate-cuneate or nearly orbiculate, 1–3 × 0.8–2 cm, scarcely to distinctly petiolulate, distal ± 1/3 of margins evenly incised ± 1/4 to midvein, teeth 2–4 per side, surfaces green, long hairs sparse to abundant, 1 mm, glands ± abundant. |
Cauline leaves | 1–2(–3). |
|
Inflorescences | 10–30-flowered. |
3–20-flowered. |
Pedicels | 0.3–3(–5) cm. |
0.5–2.5(–4) cm. |
Flowers | epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, rarely linear, 2–5 × 0.5–1.5 mm, (1/2–)2/3 as long as sepals, abaxial vestiture similar to or ± sparser than sepals, usually not glabrescent, straight hairs ± abundant, crisped to sometimes ± cottony hairs absent or sparse to abundant; hypanthium 3–7 mm diam.; sepals 4–5.5(–6.5) mm, apex acute to acuminate; petals 4–8 × 4–7 mm; filaments 0.5–2.5 mm, anthers 0.6–1.1 mm; carpels (5–)10–30, styles 1.7–2.5 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets lanceolate-elliptic, rarely linear, 1–2(–5) × 0.5–1.5 mm; hypanthium 2–3.5 mm diam.; sepals 2–4(–5) mm, apex ± acute; petals ± paler abaxially, bright yellow adaxially, ± obcordate, (3–)4–7 × 3–6 mm; filaments 1.5–2.5 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm; carpels 5–20, styles 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Achenes | 1.4–1.8 mm, smooth to faintly rugose. |
1.5 mm, smooth to faintly rugose. |
Short | hairs not well differentiated from long hairs, absent or sparse throughout. |
|
2n | = 42, 70, 77, 84, 98. |
|
Potentilla hippiana |
Potentilla rimicola |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | Dry grasslands and meadows, in aspen and conifer woodlands or alpine tundra, disturbed sites | Crevices on protected faces of granitic outcrops in conifer woodlands |
Elevation | 500–3400 m (1600–11200 ft) | 2400–2900 m (7900–9500 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; ID; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; SD; UT; WY; AB; BC; MB; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK
|
CA; Mexico (Baja California) |
Discussion | Potentilla hippiana is most common and distinctive in the Colorado Plateau and southern Rocky Mountains, with outliers in the mountains of Arizona, Nevada, and New Mexico. Occurrences are more scattered in the northern Rocky Mountains and Great Plains, where intergradation with P. effusa is common. Among these intermediates are the argyrea phase and the single report from Idaho (B. C. Johnston 1980). Potentilla hippiana is probably adventive in Nova Scotia, eastern Ontario, Quebec, and Michigan, and possibly the Northwest Territories. The reported occurrence in central Alaska (E. Hultén 1968) is based on a specimen of P. pensylvanica (CAN). Significant variation exists throughout the range of Potentilla hippiana, including dwarfism, leaf division, leaflet dissection, adaxial leaflet vestiture, and pedicel length. Some of this variation might merit taxonomic recognition upon further analysis, especially if correlated with ploidy level (6x through 12x). At present, the differences used to distinguish var. argyrea are not found to be sufficiently correlated with distribution to merit formal taxonomic recognition. Complicating the infraspecific variation is a tendency for Potentilla hippiana to intergrade with other species, in particular P. effusa. Beyond sect. Leucophyllae, the frequency of hybrids with P. pulcherrima blurs the distinction between the two species; P. gracilis var. hippianoides S. L. Welsh & N. D. Atwood is probably one of the resultant intermediates. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Potentilla rimicola is known only from Tahquitz Peak in the San Jacinto Mountains, Riverside County, California, and the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California, Mexico. Plants are rooted in rock crevices, often on vertical surfaces, in contrast to P. wheeleri, which is rooted in the ground. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 162. | FNA vol. 9, p. 185. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Leucophyllae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Subviscosae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. leucophylla, P. argyrea, P. effusa var. argyrea, P. hippiana var. argyrea, P. hippiana var. diffusa, P. propinqua | P. wheeleri var. rimicola |
Name authority | Lehmann: Nov. Stirp. Pug. 2: 7. (1830) — not Pallas 1773 | (Munz & I. M. Johnston) Ertter: Phytologia 71: 420. (1992) |
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