Potentilla glaucophylla |
Potentilla hyparctica |
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blue-leaf cinquefoil, different-leaf cinquefoil, diverse-leaf cinquefoil, mountain meadow cinquefoil, vari-leaf cinquefoil |
arctic cinquefoil, subarctic cinquefoil |
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| Habit | Plants cushion-forming; caudex branches short to elongate, slender, often embedded in old leaf bases. | |||||||||
| Glands | absent or inconspicuous, uncolored. |
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| Stems | mostly ± ascending, 0.5–3(–4.5) dm. |
ascending to erect, 0.2–2(–2.5) dm, lengths 1–3(–4) times basal leaves. |
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| Basal leaves | often 2-ranked, palmate, sometimes subpalmate, 2–20 cm; petiole (0.5–)1–8(–14) cm, long hairs often absent, sometimes sparse to abundant, usually appressed, 1–2 mm, weak to ± stiff, short, crisped, and cottony hairs absent, glands absent or sparse; leaflets 5–6(–7), sometimes with 1–2(–4) additional, smaller, entire leaflets, on tip or to distal 1/10(–1/4) of leaf axis, separate, largest ones oblanceolate or cuneate to obovate, 1–4(–6) × 0.5–1.5(–2) cm, margins flat, distal 1/3–1/2(–2/3) ± evenly incised 1/2 or nearly to midvein, undivided medial blade 1.5–7(–10) mm wide, teeth 1–3(–5) per side, broadly lanceolate or linear to narrowly oblong, 1–5(–8) mm, surfaces similar adaxial ± less hairy, ± blue-green, usually glaucous, long hairs sparse to abundant (often restricted to veins, distal teeth, and margins), short, crisped, and cottony hairs absent, glands absent or sparse. |
not in ranks, ternate, (1–)2–8(–10) cm; stipules: apex ± acute; petiole 1–6.5(–8.5) cm, long hairs sparse to common, spreading to subappressed, 0.8–2 mm, weak to ± stiff, glands sparse to common; leaflets 3, central obovate to broadly obovate, 0.5–2.5(–2.8) × 0.3–2(–2.2) cm, petiolule 0–3 mm, margins flat or slightly revolute, not lobed, distal 1/2–2/3(–3/4) evenly incised ± 1/2 to midvein, teeth (2–)3–5 per side, surfaces ± similar, abaxial usually pale green, sometimes grayish, hairs sparse to abundant, 0.5–1.7 mm, adaxial darker green, hairs and glands sparse. |
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| Cauline leaves | (0–)1–2(–3). |
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| Inflorescences | 2–10(–20)-flowered. |
1–3(–5)-flowered. |
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| Pedicels | (0.5–)1–3(–6.5) cm. |
straight, 0.3–3 cm in flower, to 9 cm in fruit. |
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| Flowers | epicalyx bractlets lanceolate to elliptic, 2–5 × 0.8–1.2(–1.6) mm, hairs sparse to common, rarely abundant, ± ascending, glands absent or inconspicuous; hypanthium 3.5–5 mm diam.; sepals (2–)2.5–4.5(–5) mm, apex acute to short acuminate; petals (4–)5–10(–12) × 4–9(–10) mm; filaments 1.5–2.5(–3) mm, anthers 0.4–0.7(–0.9) mm; carpels 25–40, styles filiform above papillate-swollen base, 1.5–2.5(–3) mm. |
epicalyx bractlets narrowly to broadly oblong or ovate, 3.5–7 × 1.5–5 mm, margins flat; hypanthium 4–7 mm diam.; sepals 4–8 mm, apex subacute to rounded; petals pale or bright yellow, 4–9 × 4–6 mm; filaments 0.5–1.1 mm, anthers 0.2–0.4 mm; carpels 50–80, styles ± columnar, not or scarcely papillate-swollen proximally, 0.6–0.9 mm. |
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| Achenes | 1.2–1.6 mm. |
1.1–1.3 mm. |
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Potentilla glaucophylla |
Potentilla hyparctica |
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| Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NL; NT; SK; YT
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AK; MT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NL; NT; NU; QC; YT; n Eurasia; circumpolar
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| Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Potentilla glaucophylla replaces P. diversifolia; an examination of the lectotype of the latter confirms J. Soják’s (1996) conclusion that P. diversifolia applies to a hybrid involving P. glaucophylla and P. hippiana. Historically, this species was often termed P. dissecta Pursh, a misapplied name that has been rejected (B. Ertter et al. 2008). In addition to the nomenclatural change, the circumscription of Potentilla glaucophylla is here restricted to plants with usually glaucous, blue-green, distally toothed leaflets that are usually glabrate (at least in var. glaucophylla). Plants from the Colorado Plateau and southern Rocky Mountains formerly included in this species and having dark green leaves, more leaflet teeth, and larger anthers are transferred either to P. townsendii or to a currently undescribed entity. The two-ranked leaves of Potentilla glaucophylla suggest a possible connection to P. crantzii in sect. Aureae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora). Southern arctic and subarctic plants differ from the northern arctic ones in presumably independent features. Where the two forms are sympatric (western Greenland, northern Quebec, Baffin Island), they appear to remain distinct even in mixed populations and are accordingly treated as subspecies. Although some features of scattered plants in Alaska and Yukon approach subsp. nivicola Jurtzev & V. V. Petrovsky (described from northeastern Asia), such plants do not otherwise correspond fully with this taxon. Possible hybrids between Potentilla hyparctica and P. pulchella (sect. Pensylvanicae) are addressed in the discussion of sect. Pensylvanicae. Presumed hybrids with P. villosa from the Aleutian Islands, characterized by the combination of basally thickened styles and lack of cottony hairs on leaflet abaxial surfaces, have been named P. ×aleutica Soják. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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| Key |
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| Synonyms | P. diversifolia var. glaucophylla | P. robbinsiana subsp. hyparctica | ||||||||
| Name authority | Lehmann: Index Seminum (Hamburg) 1836: 7. (1836) | Malte: Rhodora 36: 177. (1934) | ||||||||
| Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 152. | FNA vol. 9, p. 192. | ||||||||
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