Potentilla canadensis |
Potentilla thuringiaca |
|
---|---|---|
dwarf cinquefoil |
European cinquefoil, German cinquefoil, potentille de thuringe |
|
Glands | sparse, uncolored, minute. |
|
Stems | initially ascending to erect, soon becoming prostrate, flagelliform, not branched, eventually rooting at some nodes, (0.3–)0.5–12 dm. |
1.5–5(–7) dm. |
Basal leaves | ± persistent, usually palmate, 2–9(–11) cm; petiole 1–7(–8) cm, long hairs abundant to dense, appressed to spreading, 1.5–3 mm, mostly ± weak, glands absent or sparse; leaflets (3–)5(–7), central mostly ± obovate to cuneate, sometimes narrowly so, (0.5–)1–4(–6) × (0.5–)0.8–2(–3) cm, distal 1/2 of margin incised 1/4–1/3 to midvein, teeth 2–7 per side, surfaces similar to ± dissimilar, abaxial green to silvery white, sparsely to densely hairy, adaxial green, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
4–25(–35) cm; petiole 2–20(–25) cm, hairs sparse to common, ± spreading, 1–2.5 mm, weak, glands absent or sparse; leaflets 5–7(–9), central one narrowly to broadly oblanceolate, 1–6(–9) × 0.5–2 cm, distal 2/3–3/4+ of margin incised 1/4–1/3(–1/2) to midvein, teeth (4–)6–10(–13) per side, surfaces ± similar, abaxial green to pale green, hairs sparse to common on primary veins, ascending to spreading, 0.5–1.5 mm, weak, adaxial green, hairs more appressed and shorter. |
Cauline leaves | 0–1 proximal to 1st flowering node, not fully expanded at anthesis, usually palmate, 2–7(–9) cm; petiole (0.5–)1–6(–7.5) cm; leaflets (3–)5, ± resembling those of basal leaves, apex rounded to obtuse. |
1–3; stipules fused with less than 1/3 of petiole, free portion longer than fused portion. |
Inflorescences | solitary flowers at stolon nodes. |
5–20-flowered. |
Pedicels | (1–)2–5(–9) cm. |
1–3 cm (proximalmost to 5 cm). |
Flowers | 5-merous; epicalyx bractlets linear to lanceolate-elliptic, (2–)3–5(–6) × 0.8–1.5 mm, slightly smaller than to ± equal to sepals; hypanthium 2.5–5 mm diam.; sepals (2–)3–5(–6) mm, apex acute; petals 4–6(–8) × 3.5–6.5(–8) mm, apex rounded to slightly retuse; stamens ca. 20, filaments 0.5–2 mm, anthers 0.4–1 mm; carpels 20–40, styles 0.8–1.4 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets linear to lanceolate, 3–8 × 1–1.5(–2) mm; hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.; sepals 3–5 mm, apex ± acute; petals (5–)8–10 × 4–10 mm; filaments 0.3–1.5 mm, anthers 0.7–0.9 mm; carpels 35–50, styles 1.1–1.3 mm. |
Achenes | 1.2–1.4 mm, smooth. |
1–1.2 mm, faintly rugose. |
Rootstocks | erect, stout, 0.5–2 cm. |
|
2n | = 28. |
= 42, 56 (Eurasia). |
Potentilla canadensis |
Potentilla thuringiaca |
|
Phenology | Flowering late Mar–early Jun. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Dry flats and slopes in lawns, pastures, roadsides, cherty slopes, dry meadows, edges of oak and conifer woodlands, often on acidic soil | Edges of and openings in hardwood and conifer woodlands |
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; DC; DE; KY; MA; MD; ME; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; NS; ON
|
RI; QC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | A cream-colored form (ochroleuca) was described from a now-obliterated site in Massachusetts (M. L. Fernald 1931). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Potentilla thuringiaca might be mistaken for the more widely established P. intermedia of sect. Terminales. In addition to having flowering stems lateral to persistent basal leaves, P. thuringiaca has much larger petals (mostly 8–10 mm versus 4–5 mm), 5–9 leaflets, and tubercles at the bases of the long, spreading hairs. To the Quebec records (and subsequent collections) reported by R. Cayouette (1966) is added Block Island, Rhode Island (Fernald et al. 9650, GH). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 134. | FNA vol. 9, p. 146. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Potentilla | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Chrysanthae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. canadensis var. pumila, P. canadensis var. villosissima, P. caroliniana, P. pumila | P. chrysantha subsp. thuringiaca, P. goldbachii, P. nestleriana |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 498. (1753) | Bernhardi ex Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 64. (1822) |
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