Potentilla bipinnatifida |
Potentilla rubella |
|
---|---|---|
bipinnate cinquefoil, potentille bipinnatifide, tansy cinquefoil |
reddish cinquefoil |
|
Glands | sparse to abundant, red, stipitate (at least on calyx and hypanthium). |
|
Stems | ascending to erect, (1–)2–5 dm. |
0.5–2 dm. |
Basal leaves | subpinnate to subpalmate, (6–)10–25 cm; petiole (2–)5–15 cm, long hairs dense, appressed, 1–2 mm, soft to ± stiff, short hairs absent, crisped hairs sparse, glands absent, sparse, or obscured; leaflets 2–3 per side, on distal 1/6–1/3(–1/2) of leaf axis, separate to ± overlapping, terminal ones oblanceolate, (2–)3–6(–10) × 1–2(–3.5) cm, margins revolute, incised 3/4+ to midvein, undivided medial blade 1.5–6 mm wide, teeth 5–8 per side, ± linear, surfaces ± to strongly dissimilar, abaxial usually white, rarely grayish, long hairs abundant especially on veins, 1–2 mm, ± weak, short hairs absent or obscured, cottony (and crisped) hairs ± dense, glands absent or obscured, adaxial green to grayish, long hairs sparse to abundant, loosely appressed, 0.5–1.5 mm, short hairs absent or sparse, crisped and/or cottony hairs sparse to common, glands sparse to common. |
3–6 cm; petiole 2–4 cm, hairs common to abundant, ± ascending to spreading, 1–1.5 mm, weak to stiff, glands sparse to common; leaflets (4–)5(–6), central one obovate, 0.5–1.5 × 0.3–0.9 cm, distal ca. 1/2 of margin incised ca. 1/4 to midvein, teeth (2–)3(–4) per side, surfaces ± similar, abaxial pale reddish green, hairs sparse to common on primary veins, spreading, 0.6–1 mm, ± stiff, adaxial green or reddish, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Cauline leaves | 2–4. |
1–2; stipules fused with all or most of petiole, free portion shorter than fused portion. |
Inflorescences | (4–)10–50(–100)-flowered, congested or elongating in fruit. |
(1–)2–5-flowered. |
Pedicels | 0.2–0.8 cm (proximal to 2 cm). |
1–3 cm (proximalmost to 5 cm). |
Flowers | epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2.5–6 mm, lengths ± 2/3 times sepals, margins flat; hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.; sepals 3–6 mm, apex ± acute, abaxial surfaces: venation indistinct, glands absent, sparse, or obscured; petals yellow, 3–5 × 3–4 mm, lengths ± equal to sepals; filaments 0.5–2 mm, anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; carpels 50–80, styles papillate-swollen in proximal 1/2–3/4+, 1–1.2 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets linear to narrowly lanceolate, 4–6 × 0.9–1.2 mm; hypanthium 3–4 mm diam.; sepals 5–7 mm, apex subacute or acute; petals 7–9 × 4–6 mm; filaments 0.7–0.9 mm, anthers 0.4 mm; carpels 40–50, styles 0.9–1.1 mm. |
Achenes | 1–1.2 mm, smooth to faintly rugose. |
not known. |
2n | = 56. |
= 28, 42 (Siberia). |
Potentilla bipinnatifida |
Potentilla rubella |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Open shortgrass prairie, alkaline bottoms, streamsides in sagebrush, disturbed sites | Herb-Salix meadows, herb slopes, open tundra, among mosses |
Elevation | 10–3400 m (0–11200 ft) | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; SD; UT; WY; AB; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT
|
Greenland; Asia |
Discussion | Potentilla bipinnatifida is similar to P. litoralis in habit and leaf dissection but has flat, silky epicalyx bractlets and sepals with no evident glands. Vestiture is generally silkier, and the silvery to bicolor leaves are white-cottony abaxially. The two species are sympatric in the plains of Canada, with some intergradation; P. bipinnatifida is also common south to Colorado, where it is found in intermontane meadows and sagebrush flats. Outlying populations occur in Blaine and Custer counties, Idaho, and Duchesne and Piute counties, Utah. Eastern collections from disturbed sites might be adventive. Potentilla missourica Hornemann ex Lindley and P. normalis Besser ex Sprengel are older names for this species; both were rejected against a conserved P. bipinnatifida with designated lectotypes (see J. Soják 2008b). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Potentilla rubella combines characteristics of P. hyparctica (sect. Aureae) and P. stipularis. The species is strongly supported as an intersectional hybrid with polytopic origins. It reproduces by seed, shows no transitions to its presumed parental species, and has significant ranges in eastern and northeastern Greenland and northern Asia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 217. | FNA vol. 9, p. 147. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Pensylvanicae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Chrysanthae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. pensylvanica var. bipinnatifida | P. rubelloides |
Name authority | Douglas: in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 188. (1832) | T. J. Sørensen: Meddel. Grønland 101(2): 106, plates 1–3. (1934) |
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