Potentilla bipinnatifida |
Potentilla arizonica |
|
---|---|---|
bipinnate cinquefoil, potentille bipinnatifide, tansy cinquefoil |
Garland prairie cinquefoil |
|
Habit | Plants rosetted to tufted; taproots ± fleshy-thickened. | |
Stems | ascending to erect, (1–)2–5 dm. |
decumbent to ascending, sometimes prostrate, 0.6–2.2 dm, lengths 1.5–3 times basal leaves. |
Basal leaves | subpinnate to subpalmate, (6–)10–25 cm; petiole (2–)5–15 cm, long hairs dense, appressed, 1–2 mm, soft to ± stiff, short hairs absent, crisped hairs sparse, glands absent, sparse, or obscured; leaflets 2–3 per side, on distal 1/6–1/3(–1/2) of leaf axis, separate to ± overlapping, terminal ones oblanceolate, (2–)3–6(–10) × 1–2(–3.5) cm, margins revolute, incised 3/4+ to midvein, undivided medial blade 1.5–6 mm wide, teeth 5–8 per side, ± linear, surfaces ± to strongly dissimilar, abaxial usually white, rarely grayish, long hairs abundant especially on veins, 1–2 mm, ± weak, short hairs absent or obscured, cottony (and crisped) hairs ± dense, glands absent or obscured, adaxial green to grayish, long hairs sparse to abundant, loosely appressed, 0.5–1.5 mm, short hairs absent or sparse, crisped and/or cottony hairs sparse to common, glands sparse to common. |
pinnate with distal leaflets ± distinct, 4–10 × 1–2(–3) cm; petiole 1–3 cm, straight hairs dense, ± appressed, 1–2 mm, stiff, cottony hairs absent, glands absent or sparse; primary lateral leaflets 5–7(–9) per side (sometimes with additional interspersed leaflets), on distal (1/2–)2/3–3/4 of leaf axis, ± overlapping, largest ones oblanceolate- to obovate-oblong, 0.5–1.5 × 0.4–0.8 cm, distal 3/4 to whole margin pinnately incised nearly to midvein, teeth (5–)7–9, linear-oblanceolate, 2–6 × 0.5–1 mm, apical tufts 1 mm, surfaces grayish green, straight hairs sparse (adaxially) to common, ± appressed, 1–2 mm, stiff, cottony hairs absent, glands absent or obscured. |
Cauline leaves | 2–4. |
(1–)2–3(–4). |
Inflorescences | (4–)10–50(–100)-flowered, congested or elongating in fruit. |
3–15-flowered, ± compactly cymose, opening in fruit. |
Pedicels | 0.2–0.8 cm (proximal to 2 cm). |
0.7–2(–2.5) cm, straight in fruit. |
Flowers | epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2.5–6 mm, lengths ± 2/3 times sepals, margins flat; hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.; sepals 3–6 mm, apex ± acute, abaxial surfaces: venation indistinct, glands absent, sparse, or obscured; petals yellow, 3–5 × 3–4 mm, lengths ± equal to sepals; filaments 0.5–2 mm, anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; carpels 50–80, styles papillate-swollen in proximal 1/2–3/4+, 1–1.2 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic, sometimes doubled, 2–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm; hypanthium 3–4 mm diam.; sepals 4–6 mm, apex ± acute; petals 4–5(–6) × 3–4(–5.5) mm; filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 1–1.5 mm, often as long as filaments; carpels 8–20, styles 2 mm. |
Achenes | 1–1.2 mm, smooth to faintly rugose. |
1.8 mm, ± smooth, not carunculate. |
2n | = 56. |
|
Potentilla bipinnatifida |
Potentilla arizonica |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering late spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Open shortgrass prairie, alkaline bottoms, streamsides in sagebrush, disturbed sites | Vernally wet clay of rocky basaltic meadows, openings in pine woodlands |
Elevation | 10–3400 m (0–11200 ft) | 1900–2100 m (6200–6900 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; SD; UT; WY; AB; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT
|
AZ |
Discussion | Potentilla bipinnatifida is similar to P. litoralis in habit and leaf dissection but has flat, silky epicalyx bractlets and sepals with no evident glands. Vestiture is generally silkier, and the silvery to bicolor leaves are white-cottony abaxially. The two species are sympatric in the plains of Canada, with some intergradation; P. bipinnatifida is also common south to Colorado, where it is found in intermontane meadows and sagebrush flats. Outlying populations occur in Blaine and Custer counties, Idaho, and Duchesne and Piute counties, Utah. Eastern collections from disturbed sites might be adventive. Potentilla missourica Hornemann ex Lindley and P. normalis Besser ex Sprengel are older names for this species; both were rejected against a conserved P. bipinnatifida with designated lectotypes (see J. Soják 2008b). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Potentilla arizonica is known only from the Garland Prairie area in Coconino County. Although commonly included within P. plattensis (for example, N. H. Holmgren 1997b; B. C. Johnston 1980; T. H. Kearney and R. H. Peebles 1951), P. arizonica differs in its longer hairs, more erect habit, more condensed inflorescences, pedicels that remain straight in fruit, and significantly larger anthers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 217. | FNA vol. 9, p. 170. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Pensylvanicae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Multijugae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. pensylvanica var. bipinnatifida | Ivesia pinnatifida |
Name authority | Douglas: in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 188. (1832) | Greene: Pittonia 1: 104. (1887) — not Potentilla pinnatifida C. Presl 1822 |
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