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bipinnate cinquefoil, potentille bipinnatifide, tansy cinquefoil

Angell's or Boulder Mountain cinquefoil, Boulder Mountain cinquefoil

Stems

ascending to erect, (1–)2–5 dm.

(0.4–)0.6–1.1 dm, lengths 2–3 times basal leaves.

Basal leaves

subpinnate to subpalmate, (6–)10–25 cm;

petiole (2–)5–15 cm, long hairs dense, appressed, 1–2 mm, soft to ± stiff, short hairs absent, crisped hairs sparse, glands absent, sparse, or obscured;

leaflets 2–3 per side, on distal 1/6–1/3(–1/2) of leaf axis, separate to ± overlapping, terminal ones oblanceolate, (2–)3–6(–10) × 1–2(–3.5) cm, margins revolute, incised 3/4+ to midvein, undivided medial blade 1.5–6 mm wide, teeth 5–8 per side, ± linear, surfaces ± to strongly dissimilar, abaxial usually white, rarely grayish, long hairs abundant especially on veins, 1–2 mm, ± weak, short hairs absent or obscured, cottony (and crisped) hairs ± dense, glands absent or obscured, adaxial green to grayish, long hairs sparse to abundant, loosely appressed, 0.5–1.5 mm, short hairs absent or sparse, crisped and/or cottony hairs sparse to common, glands sparse to common.

subpinnate, 1 pair of leaflets separate from terminal leaflets, distal leaflets distinct, 1.5–5 cm;

petiole 0.5–3(–4) cm, straight hairs abundant, loosely appressed to ascending, 1–2 mm, stiff, cottony hairs absent, glands sparse to abundant;

leaflets 5, on distal (1/10–)1/5–1/4 of leaf axis, separate, proximal pair separated from others by 1–3 mm of leaf axis, central leaflets narrowly cuneate to oblanceolate, 0.5–1.5 × 0.3–0.6 cm, petiolules 1 mm, distal 1/4(–1/3) or less of margins incised 1/2 or less to midvein, teeth (0–)1(–2) per side, ± separate, 1 mm, surfaces ± dissimilar, abaxial grayish to white, straight hairs ± abundant, appressed, 1–1.5 mm, ± stiff, cottony hairs abundant to sparse, glands ± sparse or obscured, adaxial greenish, straight hairs abundant, ± appressed, 1–1.5(–2) mm, stiff, cottony hairs absent, glands sparse to abundant.

Cauline leaves

2–4.

Inflorescences

(4–)10–50(–100)-flowered, congested or elongating in fruit.

solitary flowers or 2–3-flowered.

Pedicels

0.2–0.8 cm (proximal to 2 cm).

(1–)1.5–3 cm.

Flowers

epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2.5–6 mm, lengths ± 2/3 times sepals, margins flat;

hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.;

sepals 3–6 mm, apex ± acute, abaxial surfaces: venation indistinct, glands absent, sparse, or obscured;

petals yellow, 3–5 × 3–4 mm, lengths ± equal to sepals;

filaments 0.5–2 mm, anthers 0.3–0.5 mm;

carpels 50–80, styles papillate-swollen in proximal 1/2–3/4+, 1–1.2 mm.

epicalyx bractlets lanceolate-elliptic to ovate, 2–4 × 0.8–1.5 mm;

hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.;

sepals 3–5(–6) mm, apex ± acute;

petals (4–)5–6.5 × 4–5.5 mm;

filaments 1.5–2.5 mm, anthers 0.7–1 mm;

carpels 10–30, styles 2–2.5 mm.

Achenes

1–1.2 mm, smooth to faintly rugose.

1.5–2 mm, smooth to faintly rugose.

2n

= 56.

Potentilla bipinnatifida

Potentilla angelliae

Phenology Flowering summer. Flowering summer.
Habitat Open shortgrass prairie, alkaline bottoms, streamsides in sagebrush, disturbed sites Rocky subalpine meadows
Elevation 10–3400 m (0–11200 ft) 3300–3400 m (10800–11200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CO; ID; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; SD; UT; WY; AB; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Potentilla bipinnatifida is similar to P. litoralis in habit and leaf dissection but has flat, silky epicalyx bractlets and sepals with no evident glands. Vestiture is generally silkier, and the silvery to bicolor leaves are white-cottony abaxially. The two species are sympatric in the plains of Canada, with some intergradation; P. bipinnatifida is also common south to Colorado, where it is found in intermontane meadows and sagebrush flats. Outlying populations occur in Blaine and Custer counties, Idaho, and Duchesne and Piute counties, Utah. Eastern collections from disturbed sites might be adventive.

Potentilla missourica Hornemann ex Lindley and P. normalis Besser ex Sprengel are older names for this species; both were rejected against a conserved P. bipinnatifida with designated lectotypes (see J. Soják 2008b).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Potentilla angelliae is known only from Boulder Mountain on the Aquarius Plateau in Garfield and Wayne counties. Comparable plants, whose status has yet to be resolved, have been collected in Montezuma County, Colorado. S. L. Welsh et al. (1993) suggested that P. angelliae might best be treated as a variety of P. concinna; the combination of subpalmate leaves, tridentate leaflets, and relatively few-flowered inflorescences extending beyond the leaves makes P. angelliae a well-defined species with no evidence of intergradation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 217. FNA vol. 9, p. 180.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Pensylvanicae Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Concinnae
Sibling taxa
P. albiflora, P. ambigens, P. anachoretica, P. angelliae, P. anglica, P. anserina, P. arenosa, P. argentea, P. arizonica, P. basaltica, P. bicrenata, P. biennis, P. biflora, P. bimundorum, P. brevifolia, P. breweri, P. bruceae, P. brunnescens, P. canadensis, P. concinna, P. cottamii, P. crantzii, P. crebridens, P. crinita, P. cristae, P. demotica, P. drummondii, P. effusa, P. elegans, P. erecta, P. flabellifolia, P. fragiformis, P. furcata, P. glaucophylla, P. gracilis, P. grayi, P. hickmanii, P. hippiana, P. holmgrenii, P. hookeriana, P. hyparctica, P. inclinata, P. intermedia, P. jepsonii, P. johnstonii, P. lasiodonta, P. litoralis, P. macounii, P. millefolia, P. modesta, P. morefieldii, P. multijuga, P. multisecta, P. nana, P. newberryi, P. nivea, P. norvegica, P. ovina, P. paucijuga, P. pedersenii, P. pensylvanica, P. plattensis, P. pseudosericea, P. pulchella, P. pulcherrima, P. recta, P. reptans, P. rhyolitica, P. rimicola, P. rivalis, P. robbinsiana, P. rubella, P. rubricaulis, P. sanguinea, P. saximontana, P. sierrae-blancae, P. simplex, P. sterilis, P. stipularis, P. subgorodkovii, P. subjuga, P. subvahliana, P. subviscosa, P. supina, P. thurberi, P. thuringiaca, P. tikhomirovii, P. townsendii, P. uliginosa, P. uschakovii, P. vahliana, P. verna, P. versicolor, P. villosa, P. villosula, P. vulcanicola, P. wheeleri
P. albiflora, P. ambigens, P. anachoretica, P. anglica, P. anserina, P. arenosa, P. argentea, P. arizonica, P. basaltica, P. bicrenata, P. biennis, P. biflora, P. bimundorum, P. bipinnatifida, P. brevifolia, P. breweri, P. bruceae, P. brunnescens, P. canadensis, P. concinna, P. cottamii, P. crantzii, P. crebridens, P. crinita, P. cristae, P. demotica, P. drummondii, P. effusa, P. elegans, P. erecta, P. flabellifolia, P. fragiformis, P. furcata, P. glaucophylla, P. gracilis, P. grayi, P. hickmanii, P. hippiana, P. holmgrenii, P. hookeriana, P. hyparctica, P. inclinata, P. intermedia, P. jepsonii, P. johnstonii, P. lasiodonta, P. litoralis, P. macounii, P. millefolia, P. modesta, P. morefieldii, P. multijuga, P. multisecta, P. nana, P. newberryi, P. nivea, P. norvegica, P. ovina, P. paucijuga, P. pedersenii, P. pensylvanica, P. plattensis, P. pseudosericea, P. pulchella, P. pulcherrima, P. recta, P. reptans, P. rhyolitica, P. rimicola, P. rivalis, P. robbinsiana, P. rubella, P. rubricaulis, P. sanguinea, P. saximontana, P. sierrae-blancae, P. simplex, P. sterilis, P. stipularis, P. subgorodkovii, P. subjuga, P. subvahliana, P. subviscosa, P. supina, P. thurberi, P. thuringiaca, P. tikhomirovii, P. townsendii, P. uliginosa, P. uschakovii, P. vahliana, P. verna, P. versicolor, P. villosa, P. villosula, P. vulcanicola, P. wheeleri
Synonyms P. pensylvanica var. bipinnatifida
Name authority Douglas: in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 188. (1832) N. H. Holmgren: Brittonia 39: 342, fig. 2. (1987)
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