Potentilla biennis |
Potentilla angelliae |
|
---|---|---|
biennial cinquefoil, biennial or Greene's cinquefoil, Greene's cinquefoil |
Angell's or Boulder Mountain cinquefoil, Boulder Mountain cinquefoil |
|
Stems | ascending to erect, (1–)2–6(–8.5) dm, hairs at base not stiff, not tubercle-based, glands sparse to abundant, conspicuous (to 1 mm, septate). |
(0.4–)0.6–1.1 dm, lengths 2–3 times basal leaves. |
Leaves | ternate, (2–)4–12(–25) cm; petiole (1–)2–8(–20) cm, long hairs sparse to common, spreading to ascending, 0.5–1.5(–3) mm, weak, crisped hairs usually absent, glands sparse to abundant, conspicuous (to 1 mm, septate); leaflets 3, at tip of leaf axis, usually overlapping, largest ones mostly obovate or oval to nearly round, (0.5–)1–3(–4) × 0.3–3(–3.5) cm, distal 3/4 to ± whole margin evenly to unevenly incised 1/4–1/3(–1/2) to midvein, teeth 3–8(–13) per side, surfaces sparsely to moderately hairy, rarely glabrate, glands sparse to abundant at least abaxially. |
|
Basal leaves | subpinnate, 1 pair of leaflets separate from terminal leaflets, distal leaflets distinct, 1.5–5 cm; petiole 0.5–3(–4) cm, straight hairs abundant, loosely appressed to ascending, 1–2 mm, stiff, cottony hairs absent, glands sparse to abundant; leaflets 5, on distal (1/10–)1/5–1/4 of leaf axis, separate, proximal pair separated from others by 1–3 mm of leaf axis, central leaflets narrowly cuneate to oblanceolate, 0.5–1.5 × 0.3–0.6 cm, petiolules 1 mm, distal 1/4(–1/3) or less of margins incised 1/2 or less to midvein, teeth (0–)1(–2) per side, ± separate, 1 mm, surfaces ± dissimilar, abaxial grayish to white, straight hairs ± abundant, appressed, 1–1.5 mm, ± stiff, cottony hairs abundant to sparse, glands ± sparse or obscured, adaxial greenish, straight hairs abundant, ± appressed, 1–1.5(–2) mm, stiff, cottony hairs absent, glands sparse to abundant. |
|
Inflorescences | (10–)20–70+-flowered. |
solitary flowers or 2–3-flowered. |
Pedicels | 0.2–1(–2) cm. |
(1–)1.5–3 cm. |
Flowers | epicalyx bractlets narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or elliptic, (1.5–)2–3.5(–4.5) × 0.5–1.5(–2) mm; hypanthium (2–)3–4(–5.5) mm diam.; sepals (2–)3–5 mm, apex broadly acute to obtuse; petals pale yellow to yellow, broadly oblanceolate to obovate, (1–)2–2.7 × 1.5 mm; stamens 10 or 15, filaments 0.5–1.2 mm, anthers 0.2–0.3 mm; carpels 40–100, styles 0.5–0.7 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets lanceolate-elliptic to ovate, 2–4 × 0.8–1.5 mm; hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.; sepals 3–5(–6) mm, apex ± acute; petals (4–)5–6.5 × 4–5.5 mm; filaments 1.5–2.5 mm, anthers 0.7–1 mm; carpels 10–30, styles 2–2.5 mm. |
Achenes | whitish or pale yellowish, 0.5–0.9 mm, smooth, without a corky protuberance. |
1.5–2 mm, smooth to faintly rugose. |
Potentilla biennis |
Potentilla angelliae |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist meadows, stream banks, ditches, seepages | Rocky subalpine meadows |
Elevation | 400–3100 m (1300–10200 ft) | 3300–3400 m (10800–11200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK; YT
|
UT |
Discussion | Potentilla biennis may be recognized by its septate hairs with a round, terminal gland, which dominate the vestiture especially at the base of the plant. Stems are more commonly erect and leaflets rounder than those of P. rivalis. The species is most common along the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada of California, across the Intermountain Region to the Rocky Mountains. All specimens seen by the authors from Baja California, Mexico, which were previously referred to P. biennis are now assigned to P. rivalis. J. Soják (1996) lectotypified Potentilla millegrana Engelmann ex Lehmann upon a collection of P. rivalis, thus preventing P. biennis from being a later taxonomic synonym. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Potentilla angelliae is known only from Boulder Mountain on the Aquarius Plateau in Garfield and Wayne counties. Comparable plants, whose status has yet to be resolved, have been collected in Montezuma County, Colorado. S. L. Welsh et al. (1993) suggested that P. angelliae might best be treated as a variety of P. concinna; the combination of subpalmate leaves, tridentate leaflets, and relatively few-flowered inflorescences extending beyond the leaves makes P. angelliae a well-defined species with no evidence of intergradation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 140. | FNA vol. 9, p. 180. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Rivales | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Concinnae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Greene: Fl. Francisc., 65. (1891) | N. H. Holmgren: Brittonia 39: 342, fig. 2. (1987) |
Web links |
|