Potentilla anglica |
Potentilla uschakovii |
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English cinquefoil, potentille d'angleterre, trailing cinquefoil, trailing tormentil, wood cinquefoil |
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Caudex branches | often sheathed with marcescent whole leaves. |
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Stems | soon becoming prostrate, ± flagelliform, usually openly branched, eventually rooting at some nodes, (0.3–)1.5–7+ dm. |
ascending to nearly erect, 0.3–1.5 dm. |
Basal leaves | ± persistent, ternate or palmate, 2–10(–12) cm; petiole 1–7(–8) cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, appressed, 0.5–1 mm, stiff, glands absent; leaflets 3–5, central ± obovate to cuneate, 1–3(–3.5) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, distal ± 1/2 of margin incised 1/4–1/3(–1/2) to midvein, teeth 2–4 per side, surfaces similar, green, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
often both ternate and palmate or subpalmate on same plant, 1–5 cm; petiole 0.5–3 cm, long hairs sparse to dense, ± appressed to ascending, (1–)1.5–2.5 mm, soft to ± weak, smooth, short hairs absent or sparse, crisped(/cottony) hairs sparse to common, glands absent or sparse; leaflets 3–5, proximalmost separated by 0–2 mm, central broadly elliptic to obovate, 0.5–2 × 0.3–1.4 cm, petiolules ± 1 mm, distal 2/3 to nearly whole margin incised 2/3–3/5+ to midvein, teeth (2–)3–4 per side, 3–5 mm, apical tufts 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surfaces grayish white to white, long hairs common to abundant, cottony(/crisped) hairs dense, short hairs and glands absent or obscured, adaxial grayish green to gray, long hairs abundant, 1–2 mm, soft (grading to cottony), short/crisped/cottony hairs common to abundant, glands sparse to common. |
Cauline leaves | 2–3(–4) proximal to 1st flowering or branching node, usually well expanded at anthesis, usually ternate, 2–6(–10) cm; petiole 0.3–4(–8) cm; leaflets (3–)5, ± resembling or narrower than those of basal leaves, narrowly cuneate, 1–2(–3.5) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, apex rounded to obtuse. |
0–1. |
Inflorescences | solitary flowers at stolon nodes. |
1–3(–4)-flowered, open, branch angle 20–40°. |
Pedicels | (1–)3–10(–17) cm. |
1–1.5 cm, proximal to 3 cm. |
Flowers | 4(–5)-merous; epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic to oblong or ovate, 3–4(–7) × 1–1.5 mm, smaller than to slightly larger than sepals; hypanthium 2–4 mm diam.; sepals (3–)4–6 mm, apex broadly acute or acuminate; petals 6–9 × 5–9 mm, apex ± retuse; stamens 15–20, filaments 0.8–1.2 mm, anthers 0.8–1.2 mm; carpels 20–50, styles 0.9–1.5 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets lanceolate to ovate, 3–4 × 1–2 mm; hypanthium 2.5–3.5 mm diam.; sepals 3.5–5 mm, apex obtuse to subacute, glands sparse to common, often ± obscured; petals pale yellow, often overlapping, 5–7 × 5–8(–9) mm, distinctly longer than sepals; filaments 0.5–1.5 mm, anthers ± 0.5 mm; carpels 30–60, styles 0.8–0.9 mm. |
Achenes | 1–1.5(–1.8) mm, ± smooth. |
1–1.3 mm. |
Rootstocks | ± erect, stout to slender, 1–4 cm. |
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2n | = 28, 56 (Europe). |
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Potentilla anglica |
Potentilla uschakovii |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug(–Nov). | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist flats and slopes, mainly on acidic soil | Dry tundra meadows, gravel and loam ridges, loam flats, sandy bluffs |
Elevation | 0–1200 m (0–3900 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; CO; ME; NY; OR; PA; UT; WA; BC; NL; NS; QC; SPM; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Atlantic Islands (Azores, Madeira), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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NT; NU; Greenland; e Asia (Russian Far East) |
Discussion | Potentilla anglica apparently is a product of hybridization involving P. erecta and P. reptans (B. Matfield and J. R. Ellis 1972) that has become stabilized and distinct from both parents. In Europe, it forms back-cross hybrids with both P. erecta (P. ×suberecta Zimmeter) and P. reptans (P. ×mixta Nolte); these hybrids are not known from North America. A garden hybrid supposedly between P. anglica and P. nepalensis Hooker (known as P. ×tonguei Mallett) was found in Allegany State Park, New York, but this was likely cultivated rather than naturalized. Potentilla anglica probably was introduced even in Newfoundland (A. Kurtto et al. in J. Jalas et al. 1972+, vol. 13), contrary to the view expressed by M. L. Fernald (1950). The name Potentilla procumbens Sibthorp was previously used for this species; that is a superfluous and illegitimate name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
For discussion of probable parentage and resultant diagnostic characters, see discussion of 89. Potentilla pedersenii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 135. | FNA vol. 9, p. 211. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Potentilla | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Rubricaules |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Laicharding: Veg. Europ. 1: 475. (1790) | Jurtzev: Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 73: 1613. (1988) |
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