Potentilla anglica |
Potentilla cottamii |
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English cinquefoil, potentille d'angleterre, trailing cinquefoil, trailing tormentil, wood cinquefoil |
Cottam's cinquefoil, pilot range cinquefoil |
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Stems | soon becoming prostrate, ± flagelliform, usually openly branched, eventually rooting at some nodes, (0.3–)1.5–7+ dm. |
0.4–1.7 dm. |
Basal leaves | ± persistent, ternate or palmate, 2–10(–12) cm; petiole 1–7(–8) cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, appressed, 0.5–1 mm, stiff, glands absent; leaflets 3–5, central ± obovate to cuneate, 1–3(–3.5) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, distal ± 1/2 of margin incised 1/4–1/3(–1/2) to midvein, teeth 2–4 per side, surfaces similar, green, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
ternate, (1.5–)2–6(–8) cm; petiole 0.8–5(–7) cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, usually ± spreading, sometimes ascending, 0.5–1 mm, weak to ± stiff, glands sparse to common; leaflets 3, central obovate-cuneate, (0.2–)0.5–1(–1.5) × 0.2–1 cm, scarcely petiolulate, distal 1/2–2/3 of margins evenly incised 1/3–1/2 to midvein, teeth (1–)2–3(–4) per side, surfaces green, long hairs sparse to common, 0.5–1 mm, glands sparse to abundant. |
Cauline leaves | 2–3(–4) proximal to 1st flowering or branching node, usually well expanded at anthesis, usually ternate, 2–6(–10) cm; petiole 0.3–4(–8) cm; leaflets (3–)5, ± resembling or narrower than those of basal leaves, narrowly cuneate, 1–2(–3.5) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, apex rounded to obtuse. |
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Inflorescences | solitary flowers at stolon nodes. |
1–4-flowered. |
Pedicels | (1–)3–10(–17) cm. |
0.5–2(–4) cm. |
Flowers | 4(–5)-merous; epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic to oblong or ovate, 3–4(–7) × 1–1.5 mm, smaller than to slightly larger than sepals; hypanthium 2–4 mm diam.; sepals (3–)4–6 mm, apex broadly acute or acuminate; petals 6–9 × 5–9 mm, apex ± retuse; stamens 15–20, filaments 0.8–1.2 mm, anthers 0.8–1.2 mm; carpels 20–50, styles 0.9–1.5 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets sometimes paired, narrowly elliptic, 1.5–2(–2.5) × 0.5–1 mm 1/2–3/4 as long as sepals; hypanthium 2–3 mm diam.; sepals 2.5–4 mm, apex broadly acute; petals ± paler abaxially, bright yellow adaxially, ± obcordate to broadly obovate, (2–)3–4 × 2–3 mm; filaments 1–1.5 mm, anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; carpels 10–25, styles 1–1.5 mm. |
Achenes | 1–1.5(–1.8) mm, ± smooth. |
1.3 mm, smooth to lightly rugose. |
Rootstocks | ± erect, stout to slender, 1–4 cm. |
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Short | hairs not well differentiated from long hairs, absent or sparse throughout. |
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2n | = 28, 56 (Europe). |
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Potentilla anglica |
Potentilla cottamii |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug(–Nov). | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Moist flats and slopes, mainly on acidic soil | Protected rock crevices, near vertical faces of quartzite and granite |
Elevation | 0–1200 m (0–3900 ft) | 2200–3600 m (7200–11800 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; CO; ME; NY; OR; PA; UT; WA; BC; NL; NS; QC; SPM; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Atlantic Islands (Azores, Madeira), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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NV; UT |
Discussion | Potentilla anglica apparently is a product of hybridization involving P. erecta and P. reptans (B. Matfield and J. R. Ellis 1972) that has become stabilized and distinct from both parents. In Europe, it forms back-cross hybrids with both P. erecta (P. ×suberecta Zimmeter) and P. reptans (P. ×mixta Nolte); these hybrids are not known from North America. A garden hybrid supposedly between P. anglica and P. nepalensis Hooker (known as P. ×tonguei Mallett) was found in Allegany State Park, New York, but this was likely cultivated rather than naturalized. Potentilla anglica probably was introduced even in Newfoundland (A. Kurtto et al. in J. Jalas et al. 1972+, vol. 13), contrary to the view expressed by M. L. Fernald (1950). The name Potentilla procumbens Sibthorp was previously used for this species; that is a superfluous and illegitimate name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Potentilla cottamii is known only from the Pilot Range, Elko County, Nevada, and in northwestern Utah from the Deep Creek, Raft River, and Stansbury mountains. Plants of P. cottamii can form dense clumps to 4 dm across. Except for the short style, which led Holmgren to associate the species with P. hyparctica and P. robbinsiana in sect. Aureae, P. cottamii fits well in sect. Subviscosae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 135. | FNA vol. 9, p. 187. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Potentilla | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Subviscosae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Laicharding: Veg. Europ. 1: 475. (1790) | N. H. Holmgren: Brittonia 39: 340, fig. 1. (1987) |
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