Potentilla anglica
Potentilla bicrenata
English cinquefoil, potentille d'angleterre, trailing cinquefoil, trailing tormentil, wood cinquefoil
soon becoming prostrate, ± flagelliform, usually openly branched, eventually rooting at some nodes, (0.3–)1.5–7+ dm.
0.2–0.8(–1.5) dm, lengths 1/2–1 1/2 times basal leaves.
± persistent, ternate or palmate, 2–10(–12) cm;
petiole 1–7(–8) cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, appressed, 0.5–1 mm, stiff, glands absent;
leaflets 3–5, central ± obovate to cuneate, 1–3(–3.5) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, distal ± 1/2 of margin incised 1/4–1/3(–1/2) to midvein, teeth 2–4 per side, surfaces similar, green, sparsely to moderately hairy.
palmate, (2–)4–10(–15) cm;
petiole (1–)2–6(–10) cm, straight hairs abundant, ± appressed to ascending, 1.5–2 mm, stiff, cottony hairs usually absent, glands sparse, often obscured;
leaflets 5–7(–9), on tip or at least less than distal 1/10 of leaf axis, slightly overlapping, proximal pair separated from others by 0(–1) mm of leaf axis, central leaflets ± oblanceolate, 1–4(–5.5) × 0.5–1 cm, petiolules 0(–3) mm, less than distal 1/5(–1/3) of margins incised ± 1/2 to midvein, teeth 0–1(–3) per side, separate, 0.5–2 mm, surfaces strongly to ± dissimilar, abaxial grayish white to white, straight hairs abundant, ± appressed, 1–1.5(–2) mm, weak to stiff (especially on veins), cottony hairs common to dense, glands absent or obscured, adaxial green to grayish green, straight hairs ± abundant, appressed, 0.5–1 mm, stiff, cottony hairs absent, rarely sparse, glands absent or obscured.
2–3(–4) proximal to 1st flowering or branching node, usually well expanded at anthesis, usually ternate, 2–6(–10) cm;
petiole 0.3–4(–8) cm;
leaflets (3–)5, ± resembling or narrower than those of basal leaves, narrowly cuneate, 1–2(–3.5) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, apex rounded to obtuse.
solitary flowers at stolon nodes.
2–5(–8)-flowered.
(1–)3–10(–17) cm.
1–3(–4.5) cm.
4(–5)-merous;
epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic to oblong or ovate, 3–4(–7) × 1–1.5 mm, smaller than to slightly larger than sepals;
hypanthium 2–4 mm diam.;
sepals (3–)4–6 mm, apex broadly acute or acuminate;
petals 6–9 × 5–9 mm, apex ± retuse;
stamens 15–20, filaments 0.8–1.2 mm, anthers 0.8–1.2 mm;
carpels 20–50, styles 0.9–1.5 mm.
epicalyx bractlets ± lanceolate, 2–4 × 1 mm;
hypanthium 3–4 mm diam.;
sepals (2.5–)3–5.5 mm, apex ± acute;
petals 3.5–7 × 2.5–5.5 mm;
filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm;
carpels 10–20, styles 2 mm.
1–1.5(–1.8) mm, ± smooth.
2 mm, smooth to rugose.
± erect, stout to slender, 1–4 cm.
= 28, 56 (Europe).
Potentilla anglica
Potentilla bicrenata
Potentilla anglica apparently is a product of hybridization involving P. erecta and P. reptans (B. Matfield and J. R. Ellis 1972) that has become stabilized and distinct from both parents. In Europe, it forms back-cross hybrids with both P. erecta (P. ×suberecta Zimmeter) and P. reptans (P. ×mixta Nolte); these hybrids are not known from North America. A garden hybrid supposedly between P. anglica and P. nepalensis Hooker (known as P. ×tonguei Mallett) was found in Allegany State Park, New York, but this was likely cultivated rather than naturalized.
Potentilla anglica probably was introduced even in Newfoundland (A. Kurtto et al. in J. Jalas et al. 1972+, vol. 13), contrary to the view expressed by M. L. Fernald (1950).
The name Potentilla procumbens Sibthorp was previously used for this species; that is a superfluous and illegitimate name.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
The entire to tridentate leaflets of Potentilla bicrenata generally serve to distinguish this species from P. concinna. Unequivocal P. bicrenata is most common in Utah and the southern Rocky Mountains from New Mexico to central Colorado; in Arizona, it is documented only from the Kaibab Plateau. Wyoming populations tend to be transitional to P. concinna var. concinna in leaflet toothing and/or petal size. Some collections from as far north as Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta, vary in the direction of P. bicrenata but are retained here in P. concinna.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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