Potamogeton friesii |
Potamogeton gramineus |
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flat-stalk pondweed, Fries' pondweed, potamot de Fries |
grass-leaf pondweed, grassy pondweed, potamot à feuilles de graminées, variable pondweed, variable-leaf pondweed |
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Rhizomes | absent. |
present. |
Cauline stems | compressed, without spots, 10–135 cm; glands green, greenish brown, or gold, to 0.7 mm diam. |
terete to flattened, without spots, to 150 cm; nodal glands absent. |
Turions | terminal or lateral, common, 1.5–5 cm × 1.5–4 mm, soft; leaves ± 4-ranked; outer leaves 2–3 per side, base corrugate, apex apiculate to acute; inner leaves reduced, arranged into fan-shaped structure and oriented at 90° angles to outer leaves. |
absent. |
Leaves | submersed, ± spirally arranged, delicate to rigid, sessile; stipules not persistent, inconspicuous, convolute, free from blade, white, not ligulate, 0.55–2.1 cm, fibrous, coarse, shredding at tip, apex obtuse; blade light green, rarely olive-green to.somewhat reddish, linear, not arcuate, 2.3–6.5 cm × 1.2–3.2 mm, base slightly tapering, without basal lobes, not clasping, margins entire, not crispate, apex not hoodlike, acute to apiculate, lacunae absent or 1 narrow row each side of midrib; veins 5–7(–9). |
both submersed and floating or submersed only, ± spirally arranged. |
Floating leaves | petioles continuous in color to apex, 3–4.5 cm; blade yellow-green to dark green, elliptic to ovate, 3.5–4 cm × 16–20 mm, base rounded, apex acuminate; veins 11–13. |
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Submersed leaves | sessile or rarely petiolate, lax; stipules persistent, inconspicuous, convolute, free from blade, pale green to brown, not ligulate, 1.3–1.6 cm, not fibrous, not shredding at tip, apex acute to obtuse; petioles to 3 cm; blade light green to brownish green, elliptic, not arcuate, 3.1–9.1 cm × 3–27 mm, base attenuate, without basal lobes, not clasping, margins entire, rarely crispate, apex not hoodlike, acuminate, lacunae in 1–2 rows each side of midvein; veins 3–9. |
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Inflorescences | unbranched, emersed; peduncles not dimorphic, terminal or axillary, erect or rarely recurved, slightly clavate, 1.2–4.1(–7) cm; spike not dimorphic, cylindric, 7–16 mm. |
emersed, unbranched; peduncles not dimorphic, both axillary and terminal, erect to ascending, cylindric, 3.2–7.7 cm; spikes not dimorphic, cylindric, 15–35 mm. |
Fruits | sessile, olive-green to brown, obovoid, turgid, not abaxially or laterally keeled, 1.8–2.5 × 1.2–2 mm; beak erect, 0.3–0.7 mm; sides without basal tubercles; embryo with 1 full spiral. |
sessile, greenish brown, ovoid, laterally compressed, abaxially and laterally keeled, 1.9–2.3 × 1.8–2 mm, lateral keels without points; beak erect, 0.3–0.5 mm; sides without basal tubercles; embryo with less than 1 full spiral. |
2n | = 26. |
= 52. |
Potamogeton friesii |
Potamogeton gramineus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Calcareous to brackish waters of lakes and slow-flowing streams | Ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers |
Elevation | 0–3100 m (0–10200 ft) | 0–3500 m (0–11500 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Greenland; Eurasia
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Discussion | Potamogeton friesii is a fairly common linear-leaved species, especially of calcareous waters of lakes and streams of the upper Midwest. Whenever turions are present, the species is easily identified, as it is the only one with the outer leaves of the turions having corrugate bases and the inner leaves turned at right angles to the outer leaves. Two hybrids, Potamogeton friesii × P. pusillus (= P. × pusilliformis Fischer [P. × intermedius Fischer]) and P. friesii × P. obtusifolius (= P. × semifructus A. Bennett ex Ascherson & Graebner), have been described. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Seven hybrids, Potamogeton gramineus × P. nodosus (= P. × argutulus Hagström), P. gramineus × P. richardsonii (= P. hagstroemii A. Bennett [as hagstromii]), P. alpinus × P. gramineus (= P. × nericius Hagström), P. gramineus × P. perfoliatus (= P. × nitens Weber [P. × subnitens Hagström]), P. gramineus × P. natans (= P. × sparganiifolius Laestadius ex Fries), P. gramineus × P. illinoensis [= P. × spathuliformis (J. W. Robbins) Morong)], and P. gramineus × P. praelongus (= P. × vilnensis Galinis), have been described. Three varieties were recognized (E. C. Ogden 19435) and treated (M. L. Fernald 1950). These varieties, Potamogeton gramineus var. gramineus, deletion}P. gramineus var. myriophyllus, and P. gramineus var. maximus, were said to be separated by the shape and size of the submersed leaves. We have studied many populations of this species in the field and have observed on several occasions that a single population has leaf morphology variable enough to include all three varieties. We have, , therefore, chosen not to recognize any infraspecific categories for this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Potamogetonaceae > Potamogeton | Potamogetonaceae > Potamogeton |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. gramineus var. maximus, P. gramineus var. myriophyllus | |
Name authority | Ruprecht: Hist. Stirp. Fl. Petrop. 43. (1845) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 127. 1753 (as gramineum) |
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