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alpine pondweed, northern pondweed, potamot alpin, reddish pondweed

snail-seed pondweed

Cauline stems

terete, without spots, to 200 cm;

nodal glands absent.

compressed, without spots, 10–25 cm;

glands absent.

Turions

absent.

absent.

Leaves

submersed and floating or floating absent, ± spirally arranged.

both submersed and floating or floating absent, ± spirally arranged.

Floating leaves

petioles continuous in color to apex, 0.1–1.2 cm;

blade reddish green, elliptic or oblanceolate to obovate or oblong-linear, 4–7(–10) cm × 10–25(–40) mm, base gradually tapering into petiole, apex obtuse or acute;

veins (7–)9–13(–15).

petiolate;

petioles continuous in color to apex, 5–35 mm;

blade adaxially light green, lanceolate-elliptic to broadly elliptic, 0.6–2.3(–2.8) cm × 1–11 mm, base tapering or rounded, apex acute to long tapering;

veins 3–7.

Submersed leaves

sessile, lax;

stipules persistent, inconspicuous, convolute, free from blade, light brown to reddish, not ligulate, (1.2–)1.5–2.5(–4) cm, not fibrous, not shredding at tip, apex blunt;

blade reddish green, oblong-linear to linear-lanceolate, not arcuate, 4.5–18(–25) cm × 5–20 mm, base rounded, without basal lobes, slightly clasping, margins entire, not crispate, apex not hoodlike, obtuse or acute, lacunae in 0–6 rows each side of midvein;

veins 7–9.

sessile, lax;

stipules persistent to deliquescent, inconspicuous, convolute, adnate to blade for less than ½ stipule length, light green, ligulate, 0.2–1.2 cm, not fibrous, not shredding at tip, apex obtuse;

blade light green to rarely brown, linear-setaceous, not arcuate, 1.5–11 cm × 0.1–0.4(–0.6) mm, base slightly tapering, without basal lobes, not clasping, margins entire, not crispate, apex not hoodlike, tapering, lacunae absent;

veins 1.

Inflorescences

unbranched, emersed;

peduncles not dimorphic, terminal or axillary, erect, cylindric, 3–10(–16) cm;

spikes not dimorphic, cylindric, 10–35 mm.

unbranched;

peduncles dimorphic, submersed axillary, somewhat recurved, clavate, 1–10 mm, emersed axillary or terminal, erect to slightly recurved, slightly clavate, 3.5–22 mm;

spikes dimorphic, submersed, globular to ellipsoid, 1.5–7 mm, emersed ellipsoid to cylindric, 3–14 mm.

Fruits

pedicellate, tawny olive-green, obovoid, plump, turgid, abaxially keeled, laterally keeled or not, (2.5–)3–3.5 × (1.7–)2–2.4 mm, lateral keels when present without points;

beak abaxially curved, 0.5–0.9 mm;

sides without basal tubercles;

embryo with 1 full spiral.

sessile, greenish brown, somewhat orbicular, compressed, abaxially keeled, laterally keeled, 1.1–2.1 × 1.1–2 mm, lateral keel without points;

beak absent;

sides without basal tubercles;

embryo with more than 1 full spiral.

Rhizome(s)

present.

present.

2n

= 52.

Potamogeton alpinus

Potamogeton bicupulatus

Phenology Flowering early summer–fall. Flowering early summer–fall.
Habitat Ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams Acidic waters of ponds, lakes, and streams
Elevation 400–2500 m (1300–8200 ft) 0–300 m (0–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; CO; ID; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; Europe; Asia Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CT; DE; IN; MA; ME; MI; NH; NY; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WI; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Plants of Potamogeton alpinus often are red whenever taken from the water, a feature that makes this species quite distinctive.

Two varieties, Potamogeton alpinus var. tenuifolius and var. subellipticus, have been recognized in North America, based mainly on submersed leaf shape. Plants bearing both leaf types have been observed in the same population; hence the varieties are not recognized.

Four hybrids, Potamogeton alpinus × P. nodosus (= P. ×subobtusus Hagström), P. alpinus × P. gramineus (= P. xnericius Hagström), P. alpinus × P. praelongus (= P. ×griffithii A. Bennett), and P. alpinus × P. perfoliatus (= P. ×prussicus Hagström), have been described.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Potamogeton bicupulatus is an uncommon species of the acid lakes and streams of northeastern United States and southern Canada. It is the final third species we have with dimorphic inflorescences and embryos with more than one full spiral. It can be separated from the other two, Potamogeton spirillus and P. diversifolius, because it has very narrow submersed leaves without lacunae and fruits with lateral keels without sharp points.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Potamogetonaceae > Potamogeton Potamogetonaceae > Potamogeton
Sibling taxa
P. amplifolius, P. bicupulatus, P. clystocarpus, P. confervoides, P. crispus, P. diversifolius, P. epihydrus, P. floridanus, P. foliosus, P. friesii, P. gramineus, P. groenlandicus, P. hillii, P. illinoensis, P. natans, P. nodosus, P. oakesianus, P. oblongus, P. obtusifolius, P. ogdenii, P. perfoliatus, P. praelongus, P. pulcher, P. pusillus, P. richardsonii, P. robbinsii, P. spirillus, P. strictifolius, P. subsibiricus, P. tennesseensis, P. vaseyi, P. zosteriformis
P. alpinus, P. amplifolius, P. clystocarpus, P. confervoides, P. crispus, P. diversifolius, P. epihydrus, P. floridanus, P. foliosus, P. friesii, P. gramineus, P. groenlandicus, P. hillii, P. illinoensis, P. natans, P. nodosus, P. oakesianus, P. oblongus, P. obtusifolius, P. ogdenii, P. perfoliatus, P. praelongus, P. pulcher, P. pusillus, P. richardsonii, P. robbinsii, P. spirillus, P. strictifolius, P. subsibiricus, P. tennesseensis, P. vaseyi, P. zosteriformis
Synonyms P. alpinus subsp. tenuifolius, P. alpinus var. subellipticus, P. alpinus var. tenuifolius, P. tenuifolius, P. tenuifolius var. subellipticus P. diversifolius var. trichophyllus
Name authority Balbis: Misc. Bot. 13. (1804) Fernald: Memoirs of the american academy of arts and science 17: 112. (1932)
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