Flora of North America species comparison

(1–)4–6(–14) cm, densely leafy above, often leafless and thread-like below, simple or sparingly to fasciculately branched.

2–8 cm, simple, rarely branched, somewhat radiculose at or near the base.

(4–)5–8(–19) mm, loosely to densely imbricate, erect-spreading and subtubulose when dry, erect-spreading to widely spreading when moist;

sheath ± nitid, elliptic to obovate, with tapering shoulders (in var. fragile contracted above the sheath and the blade caducous), broadly hyaline-margined;

blade linear-lanceolate, the apex narrowly acute to finely acuminate;

marginal lamina 2–5 cells wide, erect, coarsely serrate with multicellular teeth, distantly serrulate to subentire;

costa excurrent, ending in a short, brownish, toothed awn;

lamellae 5–8 cells high, entire in profile, the marginal cells with the free wall appearing greatly thickened, the marginal cells in section enlarged, yellowish to dark brown, ovate to narrowly ovate, the lateral walls strongly thickened, the lumen narrowly pentagonal and pointed at the apex, coarsely papillose;

median cells of sheath 40–60(–80) × 6–12 µm, elongate-rectangular, thin-walled;

cells of the marginal lamina 10–15 µm, subquadrate, sometimes transversely elongate;

perichaetial leaves scarcely longer than the stem leaves.

6–10 mm, erect-spreading when dry, the blade spreading and recurved but not sharply reflexed when moist;

sheath pale or yellowish, with tapering shoulders, hyaline-margined, the cells at the shoulders forming a differentiated hinge;

marginal lamina plane or somewhat erect, 3–9 cells wide, sharply toothed from the apex almost to base of blade;

blade lanceolate, sparsely toothed at back near the tip;

costa excurrent, ending in short, reddish, toothed awn;

lamellae (7–)20–40, crenulate in profile, 4–6 cells high, marginal cells often variable, in typically cuneate in section, flat-topped to shallowly retuse, not thick-walled, smooth;

median sheath cells 80–100 × 8–12 µm (5:1), elongate-rectangular;

sheath cells oblong-linear;

cells of marginal lamina 12–16 µm, ± isodiametric;

perichaetial leaves not much differentiated.

(1–)3–5 cm, brownish.

2–8 cm, pale-yellowish.

various, (1.5–)3–5(–8) mm, terete, narrowly cylindric to oblong-cylindric and curved, ovate-cylindric, or ovoid to almost spherical, suberect to inclined to almost horizontal;

hypophysis tapering, rugose, with numerous conspicuous stomata in a broad basal band;

exothecial cells irregularly rectangular, not bulging or mammillose, thin spots absent, rather thick-walled;

peristome 600 µm (teeth 150–250 µm), divided to 0.6–0.75, the teeth 45–50, with some teeth irregularly developed and unequal, pale to somewhat darker in the median line.

3–5 mm, 4-angled, suberect to inclined, pale yellowish brown, slender and somewhat curved, tapering to the base, the hypophysis not or only weakly delimited;

stomata in a band in the distal part of the hypophysis;

exothecial cells not bulging or mammillose and without a central thin spot;

peristome 240 µm, divided to 0.6, the teeth ca. 50, pale.

14–20 µm.

12–16 µm.