Polystichum lonchitis |
Polystichum imbricans |
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holly fern, mountain fern, northern holly fern, polystic faux-lonchitis |
imbricate sword-fern, narrow-leaf sword fern, rock sword-fern |
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Stems | erect to occasionally ascending. |
ascending to erect. |
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Leaves | erect, not arching except at tip, 1–6 dm; bulblets absent. |
erect to arching back at tip, 2–8 dm; bulblets absent. |
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Petiole | 1/10–1/6 of blade, densely scaly; scales light brown, gradually diminishing in size distally. |
1/4–1/3 length of leaf; scales abruptly diminishing in size distally and falling off early but retaining conspicuous tuft of brown scales at base. |
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Blade | linear, often widest above middle, 1-pinnate, base narrowed. |
linear-lanceolate to linear, 1-pinnate, base not or slightly narrowed. |
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Pinnae | oblong to lanceolate to falcate, proximal pinnae ± deltate, rarely overlapping, in 1 plane, 0.5–3 cm, base truncate to oblique, acroscopic auricle well developed; margins serrulate-spiny with teeth spreading; apex acute, subapical tooth hardly smaller than apical tooth; microscales dense, on abaxial surface only. |
oblong, slenderly lanceolate, or falcate, usually overlapping, in 1 plane or twisted out of plane of blade, 2–4 cm; base oblique, auricles well developed; margins serrulate-spiny with teeth ascending; apex cuspidate or apiculate with subapical teeth smaller than apical tooth; microscales lanceolate to linear with straight or sharply angular projections, sparse, on abaxial surface only. |
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Indusia | entire or minutely dentate-erose. |
entire to sharply dentate. |
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Spores | dark brown. |
dark brown. |
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2n | = 82. |
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Polystichum lonchitis |
Polystichum imbricans |
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Habitat | In rock crevices or at base of boulders, mostly in boreal and subalpine coniferous forests or alpine regions | |||||
Elevation | 0–3200 m (0–10500 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MI; MN; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; NF; NS; ON; QC; YT; Greenland
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CA; OR; WA; BC; only in the flora
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Discussion | The hybrid between Polystichum lonchitis and P. acrostichoides (= P. × hagenahii Cody) is discussed under P. acrostichoides. The hybrid with P. braunii (= P. × meyeri Sleep & Reichstein) is discussed under P. braunii. In the Georgian Bay area of Ontario, P. lonchitis hybridizes with Dryopteris goldieana to produce the peculiar × Dryostichum singulare W. H. Wagner (W. H. Wagner Jr., F. S. Wagner et al. 1992). The spiny spores of P. lonchitis are distinctive and distinguish this from dwarfed forms of other 1-pinnate species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Polystichum imbricans is one of the postulated ancestors of two allopolyploids, P. californicum and P. scopulinum (D. H. Wagner 1979). Relationships to P. munitum are discussed under that species. Subspecies 2. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. | ||||
Parent taxa | Dryopteridaceae > Polystichum | Dryopteridaceae > Polystichum | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Polypodium lonchitis | Aspidium munitum var. imbricans, P. munitum subsp. imbricans, P. munitum var. imbricans | ||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Roth: Tent. Fl. Germ. 3(1): 71. (1799) | (D. C. Eaton) D. H. Wagner: Pteridologia 1: 50. (1979) | ||||
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