Polygonum parryi |
Polygonum polygaloides |
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Parry's knotweed, Parry's or prickly knotweed, prickly knotweed |
close-flower knotweed, close-flower knotweed (ssp. confertiflorum), Kellogg's knotweed (ssp. kelloggii), milkwort knotweed, polygala knotweed, whitemargin knotweed |
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Habit | Herbs, compact, often cushion-like. | Herbs. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect, green-brown, simple or branched from base, not wiry, 2–5(–8) cm, glabrous. |
erect, green, usually divaricately branched, rarely simple, ± wiry, (2–)6–20(–25) cm, glabrous. |
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Leaves | ± uniformly distributed, dense, not articulated to ocreae, basal leaves ± persistent, distal leaves gradually reduced to bracts; ocrea 2–4(–5) mm, glabrous, proximal part cylindric, distal part deeply lacerate, disintegrating into white, curled fibers; petiole absent; blade 3-veined, without pleats, linear-lanceolate, subulate, 5–13(–20) × 0.4–1 mm, margins revolute, smooth, apex spine-tipped. |
uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves often caducous, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts; ocrea 4–8 mm, glabrous, proximal part cylindric, distal part silvery, with inconspicuous veins, lacerate; petiole absent; blade 3-veined, lateral veins sometimes inconspicuous, without pleats, narrowly linear, 10–40 × 1–2.5 mm, margins ± revolute, smooth, apex acute or mucronate. |
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Inflorescences | axillary; cymes in most axils, 1-flowered. |
axillary and terminal, spikelike, subglobose to cylindric; cymes in most axils or crowded distally, 1–3-flowered. |
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Pedicels | absent. |
enclosed in ocreae, erect, 0.1–2 mm, sometimes absent. |
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Flowers | closed; perianth 1.5–2(–2.5) mm; tube 6–15% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, usually reddish with white margins, petaloid, oblong, navicular, apex acute; midveins unbranched; stamens 8. |
mostly closed; perianth 1.5–3 mm; tube 19–40% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, uniformly white, pink, or red, petaloid, oblong-lanceolate, ± navicular, apex acute to acuminate; midveins usually unbranched or with 2 lateral branches proximally, moderately to strongly thickened, tepals appearing ± keeled; stamens 3–8. |
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Achenes | slightly exserted from perianth at maturity, dark brown, ovate, 1.2–1.6(–2) mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth. |
enclosed in perianth, light yellow, light brown, or greenish brown to dark brown, ovate to lanceolate, 1.3–2.5 mm, faces subequal, shiny or dull, smooth or reticulate with longitudinal ridges. |
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Polygonum parryi |
Polygonum polygaloides |
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Phenology | Flowering May–July. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Vernally moist, open, sandy or rocky places | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 500-2000 m (1600-6600 ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; WA
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
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Discussion | Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora). J. C. Hickman’s (1993c) treatment of the Polygonum polygaloides complex is provisionally accepted here. Most of the intermediate specimens occur between subspp. confertiflorum, esotericum, and kelloggii. Alternatively, P. polygaloides could be recognized in the narrow sense and the three other taxa could be treated as subspecies of a separate P. kelloggii, the earliest available binomial. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 563. | FNA vol. 5, p. 565. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia | ||||||||||||||||
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Name authority | Greene: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 8: 99. (1881) | Meisner: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 14: 101. (1856) | ||||||||||||||||
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