Polygonum parryi |
Polygonum glaucum |
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Parry's knotweed, Parry's or prickly knotweed, prickly knotweed |
seabeach knotweed, seaside knotweed |
|
Habit | Herbs, compact, often cushion-like. | Plants silvery, homophyllous. |
Stems | erect, green-brown, simple or branched from base, not wiry, 2–5(–8) cm, glabrous. |
prostrate to ascending, branched from base, not wiry, 20–70 cm. |
Leaves | ± uniformly distributed, dense, not articulated to ocreae, basal leaves ± persistent, distal leaves gradually reduced to bracts; ocrea 2–4(–5) mm, glabrous, proximal part cylindric, distal part deeply lacerate, disintegrating into white, curled fibers; petiole absent; blade 3-veined, without pleats, linear-lanceolate, subulate, 5–13(–20) × 0.4–1 mm, margins revolute, smooth, apex spine-tipped. |
ocrea persistent, 7–15 mm, proximal part cylindric, pruinose, distal parts silvery, margins overlapping, entire or lacerate; petiole 0.5–3 mm; blade bluish green, lanceolate, 10–30 × 2–8 mm, coriaceous, margins revolute, apex obtuse or acute, rugulose when fresh, markedly rugulose when dried, glaucous; middle stem leaves slightly larger than adjacent branch leaves, distal leaves overtopping flowers they subtend. |
Inflorescences | axillary; cymes in most axils, 1-flowered. |
axillary; cymes uniformly distributed, 1–3-flowered. |
Pedicels | absent. |
enclosed in ocreae, 3–5 mm. |
Flowers | closed; perianth 1.5–2(–2.5) mm; tube 6–15% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, usually reddish with white margins, petaloid, oblong, navicular, apex acute; midveins unbranched; stamens 8. |
semi-open; perianth (2–)3–4 mm; tube 12–26% of perianth length; tepals ± recurved, overlapping, white, margins white or pink, petaloid, not keeled, oblong-obovate to spatulate, not cucullate; midvein usually unbranched; stamens 8. |
Achenes | slightly exserted from perianth at maturity, dark brown, ovate, 1.2–1.6(–2) mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth. |
exserted from perianth, reddish brown to dark brown, ovate, 3-gonous, 2.5–3(–4) mm, faces subequal, apex not beaked, edges straight, shiny, smooth; late-season achenes common, 3–5 mm. |
2n | = 40. |
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Polygonum parryi |
Polygonum glaucum |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–July. | Flowering Jul–Nov. |
Habitat | Vernally moist, open, sandy or rocky places | Coastal beaches, sand dunes, margins of salt ponds |
Elevation | 500-2000 m (1600-6600 ft) | 0-10 m (0-0 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; WA
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CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; MA; MD; NC; NJ; NY; RI; SC; VA |
Discussion | Polygonum glaucum is restricted to maritime beaches along the Atlantic coast from Massachusetts south to Georgia. Over most of its range it is rare and declining; populations on coastal islands of Massachusetts and along the shore of Long Island appear to be secure. Seabeach knotweed appears to be related to P. oxyspermum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 563. | FNA vol. 5, p. 553. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Polygonum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Greene: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 8: 99. (1881) | Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 254. (1818) |
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