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beach knotweed, beach or black or dune knotweed, black knotweed, dune knotweed

Shasta knotweed

Habit Shrubs or subshrubs. Subshrubs.
Stems

prostrate or ascending, brown, branched, rooting at nodes, not wiry, 10–100 cm, glabrous, covered with remains of lacerate, hyaline ocreae.

prostrate to ascending, brown, branched, gnarled, not wiry, 5–40 cm, glabrous.

Leaves

crowded at branch tips, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves caducous or persistent, distal leaves not reduced in size;

ocrea 15–20 mm, glabrous, proximal part cylindric to funnelform, distal part silvery, entire or slightly lacerate, disintegrating into persistent white-gray curly fibers;

petiole 0–0.5 mm;

blade 1-veined, without pleats, linear to oblanceolate, (5–)10–20(–33) × 3–8 mm, coriaceous, margins revolute, smooth, apex acute or mucronate.

± uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves caducous or persistent, distal leaves not reduced in size;

ocrea 3–5 mm, glabrous, proximal part cylindric, distal part membranous, deciduous with leaves;

petiole 0–0.5 mm;

blade 1-veined, without pleats, lanceolate to elliptic, 5–25 × 2–5 mm, coriaceous, margins revolute, smooth, apex acute.

Inflorescences

axillary;

cymes crowded in distal axils, 2–5-flowered.

axillary;

cymes in distal axils, 2–6-flowered.

Pedicels

enclosed in ocreae, erect to spreading, 2–5 mm.

enclosed in or slightly exserted from ocreae, erect, 2–4 mm.

Flowers

semi-open or open;

perianth (4.5–)6–10 mm;

tube 22–48% of perianth length;

tepals partially overlapping, uniformly pink or white, reddish brown when dried, petaloid, oblong-ovate to ± lanceolate, apex rounded;

midveins pinnately branched;

stamens 8.

open or semi-open;

perianth 5–9 mm;

tube 7–15% of perianth length, tepals partially overlapping, uniformly pink or white, petaloid, ovate to ovate-round, apex rounded;

midveins with numerous branched lateral veins;

stamens 8.

Achenes

enclosed in or slightly exserted from perianth, black, ovate, 4–5 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth.

enclosed in or slightly exserted from perianth, brown, narrowly ovate, 3–4 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth.

Polygonum paronychia

Polygonum shastense

Phenology Flowering Mar–Sep. Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Coastal sands, scrub along coast Rocky or gravelly slopes
Elevation 0-50 m (0-200 ft) 2100-3400 m (6900-11200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; NV; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Polygonum paronychia may be cultivated in rock gardens in open sites with sandy soil.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Polygonum shastense may be cultivated in rock gardens in rock crevices with favorable water regime and shaded in summer.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 562. FNA vol. 5, p. 563.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia
Sibling taxa
P. achoreum, P. argyrocoleon, P. austiniae, P. aviculare, P. bidwelliae, P. bolanderi, P. californicum, P. cascadense, P. douglasii, P. engelmannii, P. erectum, P. fowleri, P. glaucum, P. heterosepalum, P. hickmanii, P. humifusum, P. majus, P. marinense, P. minimum, P. nuttallii, P. oxyspermum, P. parryi, P. patulum, P. plebeium, P. polygaloides, P. ramosissimum, P. sawatchense, P. shastense, P. spergulariiforme, P. striatulum, P. tenue, P. utahense
P. achoreum, P. argyrocoleon, P. austiniae, P. aviculare, P. bidwelliae, P. bolanderi, P. californicum, P. cascadense, P. douglasii, P. engelmannii, P. erectum, P. fowleri, P. glaucum, P. heterosepalum, P. hickmanii, P. humifusum, P. majus, P. marinense, P. minimum, P. nuttallii, P. oxyspermum, P. paronychia, P. parryi, P. patulum, P. plebeium, P. polygaloides, P. ramosissimum, P. sawatchense, P. spergulariiforme, P. striatulum, P. tenue, P. utahense
Name authority Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 3: 51. (1828) W. H. Brewer: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 400. (1872)
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