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large Douglas' knotweed, large knotweed, Palouse knotweed, wiry knotweed

Utah knotweed

Habit Herbs. Herbs.
Stems

erect, green, simple or branched, ± wiry, 15–60 cm, usually papillose-scabridulous.

erect, green, simple or with few branches, not wiry, 1.5–3.5 cm, papillose-scabridulous.

Leaves

uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves often caducous, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts, articulated to ocreae;

ocrea 5–12 mm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous, proximal part cylindric, distal part lacerate or disintegrating into fibers;

petiole 0.1–2 mm;

blade 1-veined, not pleated, linear to narrowly oblong or lanceolate, 15–70 × 2–8 mm, margins revolute, papillose-denticulate, apex acute or mucronate.

uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves persistent, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts;

ocrea 2–3.5 mm, papillose-scabridulous, proximal part funnelform, distal part hyaline, lacerate;

petiole absent;

blade 1-veined, not pleated, linear-subulate, 6–14 × 1 mm, coriaceous, margins revolute, touching along midrib, apex acute, mucronate, papillose.

Inflorescences

axillary and terminal, spikelike, elongate;

cymes spaced along branches, 2–5-flowered.

axillary and terminal, spikelike, dense;

cymes overlapping, starting almost from stem base, 2–4-flowered.

Pedicels

exserted from ocreae, reflexed, 0.5–1 mm.

enclosed in ocreae, erect to spreading, 0.4–1 mm.

Flowers

open or semi-open;

perianth (3.5–)4–5 mm;

tube 9–17% of perianth length;

tepals overlapping, uniformly white to pink, petaloid, oblong to oblong-obovate, cucullate, navicular in distal 1/4, apex rounded;

midveins unbranched or with short lateral branches;

stamens 8.

open;

perianth 2–2.5 mm;

tube 20–25% of perianth length;

tepals overlapping, uniformly white, petaloid, oblong to widely obovate, cucullate, navicular in distal 1/4, apex rounded;

midveins branched;

stamens 8.

Achenes

enclosed in perianth, black, elliptic, 3.5–5 mm, faces subequal, shiny or dull, smooth or striate-tubercled.

enclosed in perianth, black, elliptic, 1.5–2 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth.

Polygonum majus

Polygonum utahense

Phenology Flowering May–Aug. Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Dry plains, meadows, sometimes on serpentine Dry, sandy ravines, rocky Navajo sandstone spur
Elevation 500-2000 m (1600-6600 ft) 2300 m (7500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Polygonum utahense has been treated as a synonym of P. sawatchense by some authors (e.g., S. L. Welsh et al. 1987; J. T. Kartesz and C. A. Meacham 1999). Its perianth morphology suggests a relationship with P. cascadense, from which it differs in its dwarf habit and uniformly papillose leaves with margins revolute, touching along midribs.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 570. FNA vol. 5, p. 571.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia
Sibling taxa
P. achoreum, P. argyrocoleon, P. austiniae, P. aviculare, P. bidwelliae, P. bolanderi, P. californicum, P. cascadense, P. douglasii, P. engelmannii, P. erectum, P. fowleri, P. glaucum, P. heterosepalum, P. hickmanii, P. humifusum, P. marinense, P. minimum, P. nuttallii, P. oxyspermum, P. paronychia, P. parryi, P. patulum, P. plebeium, P. polygaloides, P. ramosissimum, P. sawatchense, P. shastense, P. spergulariiforme, P. striatulum, P. tenue, P. utahense
P. achoreum, P. argyrocoleon, P. austiniae, P. aviculare, P. bidwelliae, P. bolanderi, P. californicum, P. cascadense, P. douglasii, P. engelmannii, P. erectum, P. fowleri, P. glaucum, P. heterosepalum, P. hickmanii, P. humifusum, P. majus, P. marinense, P. minimum, P. nuttallii, P. oxyspermum, P. paronychia, P. parryi, P. patulum, P. plebeium, P. polygaloides, P. ramosissimum, P. sawatchense, P. shastense, P. spergulariiforme, P. striatulum, P. tenue
Synonyms P. coarctatum var. majus, P. douglasii subsp. majus P. douglasii var. utahense
Name authority (Meisner) Piper: Fl. Palouse Reg., 63. (1901) Brenckle & Cottam: Bull. Univ. Utah, Biol. Ser. 4(4): 3, plate 1. (1940)
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