Polygonum majus |
Polygonum utahense |
|
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large Douglas' knotweed, large knotweed, Palouse knotweed, wiry knotweed |
Utah knotweed |
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Habit | Herbs. | Herbs. |
Stems | erect, green, simple or branched, ± wiry, 15–60 cm, usually papillose-scabridulous. |
erect, green, simple or with few branches, not wiry, 1.5–3.5 cm, papillose-scabridulous. |
Leaves | uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves often caducous, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts, articulated to ocreae; ocrea 5–12 mm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous, proximal part cylindric, distal part lacerate or disintegrating into fibers; petiole 0.1–2 mm; blade 1-veined, not pleated, linear to narrowly oblong or lanceolate, 15–70 × 2–8 mm, margins revolute, papillose-denticulate, apex acute or mucronate. |
uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves persistent, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts; ocrea 2–3.5 mm, papillose-scabridulous, proximal part funnelform, distal part hyaline, lacerate; petiole absent; blade 1-veined, not pleated, linear-subulate, 6–14 × 1 mm, coriaceous, margins revolute, touching along midrib, apex acute, mucronate, papillose. |
Inflorescences | axillary and terminal, spikelike, elongate; cymes spaced along branches, 2–5-flowered. |
axillary and terminal, spikelike, dense; cymes overlapping, starting almost from stem base, 2–4-flowered. |
Pedicels | exserted from ocreae, reflexed, 0.5–1 mm. |
enclosed in ocreae, erect to spreading, 0.4–1 mm. |
Flowers | open or semi-open; perianth (3.5–)4–5 mm; tube 9–17% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, uniformly white to pink, petaloid, oblong to oblong-obovate, cucullate, navicular in distal 1/4, apex rounded; midveins unbranched or with short lateral branches; stamens 8. |
open; perianth 2–2.5 mm; tube 20–25% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, uniformly white, petaloid, oblong to widely obovate, cucullate, navicular in distal 1/4, apex rounded; midveins branched; stamens 8. |
Achenes | enclosed in perianth, black, elliptic, 3.5–5 mm, faces subequal, shiny or dull, smooth or striate-tubercled. |
enclosed in perianth, black, elliptic, 1.5–2 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth. |
Polygonum majus |
Polygonum utahense |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Dry plains, meadows, sometimes on serpentine | Dry, sandy ravines, rocky Navajo sandstone spur |
Elevation | 500-2000 m (1600-6600 ft) | 2300 m (7500 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; CO; ID; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
|
UT |
Discussion | Polygonum utahense has been treated as a synonym of P. sawatchense by some authors (e.g., S. L. Welsh et al. 1987; J. T. Kartesz and C. A. Meacham 1999). Its perianth morphology suggests a relationship with P. cascadense, from which it differs in its dwarf habit and uniformly papillose leaves with margins revolute, touching along midribs. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 570. | FNA vol. 5, p. 571. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. coarctatum var. majus, P. douglasii subsp. majus | P. douglasii var. utahense |
Name authority | (Meisner) Piper: Fl. Palouse Reg., 63. (1901) | Brenckle & Cottam: Bull. Univ. Utah, Biol. Ser. 4(4): 3, plate 1. (1940) |
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