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large Douglas' knotweed, large knotweed, Palouse knotweed, wiry knotweed

pleat-leaf knotweed, slender knotweed

Habit Herbs. Herbs.
Stems

erect, green, simple or branched, ± wiry, 15–60 cm, usually papillose-scabridulous.

erect, green or brown-ish, simple or branched from below middle, not wiry, 5–50 cm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous.

Leaves

uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves often caducous, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts, articulated to ocreae;

ocrea 5–12 mm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous, proximal part cylindric, distal part lacerate or disintegrating into fibers;

petiole 0.1–2 mm;

blade 1-veined, not pleated, linear to narrowly oblong or lanceolate, 15–70 × 2–8 mm, margins revolute, papillose-denticulate, apex acute or mucronate.

uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves caducous or persistent, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts;

ocrea 6–15 mm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous, proximal part cylindric, distal part soon disintegrating into a few brown fibers;

petiole 0.1–1 mm;

blade 1-veined, with 1 pleat on each side of midrib, narrowly lanceolate to linear, 25–40 × 1–8 mm, margins usually flat, papillose-denticulate, apex mucronate or cuspidate.

Inflorescences

axillary and terminal, spikelike, elongate;

cymes spaced along branches, 2–5-flowered.

axillary and terminal, spikelike, slender, elongate;

cymes spaced along branches, 1–2(–3)-flowered.

Pedicels

exserted from ocreae, reflexed, 0.5–1 mm.

enclosed in ocreae, erect, 1–1.5 mm.

Flowers

open or semi-open;

perianth (3.5–)4–5 mm;

tube 9–17% of perianth length;

tepals overlapping, uniformly white to pink, petaloid, oblong to oblong-obovate, cucullate, navicular in distal 1/4, apex rounded;

midveins unbranched or with short lateral branches;

stamens 8.

closed;

perianth 2.5–4.2 mm;

tube 15–22% of perianth length;

tepals overlapping, green, often brownish when dried, with pink or white margins, petaloid or sepaloid, elliptic, cucullate, navicular, apex rounded;

midveins usually unbranched, rarely branched;

stamens 8.

Achenes

enclosed in perianth, black, elliptic, 3.5–5 mm, faces subequal, shiny or dull, smooth or striate-tubercled.

enclosed in or slightly exserted from perianth, black, elliptic to oblong, 2.3–4 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth or minutely striate-tubercled near edges and apex.

2n

= 20.

Polygonum majus

Polygonum tenue

Phenology Flowering May–Aug. Flowering Jun–Oct.
Habitat Dry plains, meadows, sometimes on serpentine Dry acid soils in exposed sites
Elevation 500-2000 m (1600-6600 ft) 100-1000 m (300-3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 570. FNA vol. 5, p. 567.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia
Sibling taxa
P. achoreum, P. argyrocoleon, P. austiniae, P. aviculare, P. bidwelliae, P. bolanderi, P. californicum, P. cascadense, P. douglasii, P. engelmannii, P. erectum, P. fowleri, P. glaucum, P. heterosepalum, P. hickmanii, P. humifusum, P. marinense, P. minimum, P. nuttallii, P. oxyspermum, P. paronychia, P. parryi, P. patulum, P. plebeium, P. polygaloides, P. ramosissimum, P. sawatchense, P. shastense, P. spergulariiforme, P. striatulum, P. tenue, P. utahense
P. achoreum, P. argyrocoleon, P. austiniae, P. aviculare, P. bidwelliae, P. bolanderi, P. californicum, P. cascadense, P. douglasii, P. engelmannii, P. erectum, P. fowleri, P. glaucum, P. heterosepalum, P. hickmanii, P. humifusum, P. majus, P. marinense, P. minimum, P. nuttallii, P. oxyspermum, P. paronychia, P. parryi, P. patulum, P. plebeium, P. polygaloides, P. ramosissimum, P. sawatchense, P. shastense, P. spergulariiforme, P. striatulum, P. utahense
Synonyms P. coarctatum var. majus, P. douglasii subsp. majus P. tenue var. protrusum
Name authority (Meisner) Piper: Fl. Palouse Reg., 63. (1901) Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 238. (1803)
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