Polygonum californicum |
Polygonum bidwelliae |
|
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California knotweed |
Bidwell knotweed, Bidwell's knotweed |
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Habit | Herbs. | Herbs. |
Stems | erect, green, simple or divaricately branched, ± wiry, 4–40 cm, papillose-scabridulous. |
erect, green, simple or divaricately branched, ± wiry, 2–20 cm, minutely papillose-scabridulous. |
Leaves | uniformly distributed, not articulated to ocreae, basal leaves usually caducous, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts; ocrea 5–10 mm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous, proximal part cylindric, distal part white or tawny, disintegrating into ± bristly-fringed fibers; petiole absent; blade 3-veined, without pleats, linear, 5–25(–30) × 0.5–2 mm, margins revolute, papillose-denticulate or smooth, apex mucronate or weakly spine-tipped. |
crowded at branch tips, not articulated to ocreae, basal leaves caducous or persistent, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts; ocrea 8–13 mm, papillose-scabridulous, proximal part cylindric, distal part overlapping and obscuring leaves and flowers, silvery, entire or shallowly dentate; petiole absent; blade 3-veined, without pleats, linear, 5–15(–20) × 0.5–1.5(–2) mm, margins revolute, papillose-denticulate, apex spine-tipped. |
Inflorescences | axillary; cymes in distal axils, 1-flowered. |
axillary; cymes in distal axils, 1-flowered. |
Pedicels | absent. |
absent. |
Flowers | open or closed; perianth 2.5–3.5 mm; tube 10–20% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, uniformly white to pink, petaloid, elliptic, navicular, apex acute to acuminate; midveins unbranched; stamens 8. |
closed; perianth 2–3 mm; tube 10–18% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, pink with pink or white margins, petaloid, elliptic, navicular, apex acute to acuminate; midveins unbranched; stamens 8. |
Achenes | enclosed in or slightly exserted from perianth, brown, narrowly elliptic, 1.8–2.2 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth. |
enclosed in perianth at maturity, light brown to brown, ovate-elliptic, 1.8–2.3 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth. |
Polygonum californicum |
Polygonum bidwelliae |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Sep. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Open places, including serpentine | Thin volcanic soils, chaparral, montane woodland valleys, grasslands |
Elevation | 40-1200 m (100-3900 ft) | 60-1200 m (200-3900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
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CA
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Discussion | Polygonum bidwelliae occurs in the Cascade Range and northeastern Sacramento Valley in Butte, Shasta, and Tehama counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 564. | FNA vol. 5, p. 565. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Duravia californica, P. greenei | |
Name authority | Meisner: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 14: 100. (1856) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 294. (1879) |
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