Polygonella fimbriata |
Polygonella macrophylla |
|
---|---|---|
sandhill jointweed |
large-leaf wireweed, largeleaf jointweed |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, gynomonoecious, 1–6 dm. | Subshrubs, perennial, gynodioecious, 8–11 dm. |
Stems | erect, simple or sparingly branched proximally, scabrous or, sometimes, glabrous proximally. |
erect, simple proximally, sometimes branched distally, glabrous. |
Leaves | persistent; ocrea margins ciliate; blade linear to falcate, (10–)19–36(–50) × (0.6–)1–1.5(–3) mm, base tapered, margins not hyaline, apex acuminate, minutely scabrous. |
persistent; ocrea margins not ciliate; blade oblanceolate to obovate or broadly spatulate, (9–)26–56(–68) × (3–)9–30 mm, base attenuate to obtuse, margins hyaline, apex obtuse, glabrous. |
Inflorescences | (5–)10–24(–30) mm; ocreola encircling rachis, only the base adnate to rachis, apex acuminate. |
(14–)30–50(–70) mm; ocreola encircling rachis, only the base adnate to rachis, apex acute. |
Pedicels | spreading in anthesis and fruit, 0.1–0.7 mm, as long as or much longer than subtending ocreola. |
spreading in anthesis, reflexed in fruit, 1.2–2.1 mm, much longer than subtending ocreola. |
Flowers | bisexual or some pistillate, these usually distal; outer tepals loosely appressed in anthesis and fruit, pink with white margins, often drying orange, ovate, 1.1–2.3 mm in anthesis, margins erose; inner and transitional tepals loosely appressed in anthesis and fruit, pink with white margins, often drying orange, oblong, 1.2–2.2 mm in anthesis, margins deeply fringed; filaments monomorphic; anthers pink; styles and stigmas 0.6–1.3 mm in anthesis. |
bisexual or pistillate; outer tepals loosely appressed in anthesis, reflexed in fruit, white, pink, or red, obovate, 1.6–2.4 mm in anthesis, margins entire; inner tepals loosely appressed in anthesis, reflexed in fruit, white, red, or pink, obovate, 1.7–2.8 mm in anthesis, margins entire; filaments dimorphic; anthers white or yellow; styles and stigmas 0.3–0.6 mm in anthesis. |
Achenes | included or exserted, yellow-brown, 3-gonous, 1.5–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, shiny and smooth proximally, dull to shiny and minutely roughened distally. |
included, yellow-brown, 3-gonous, 3.1–4.1 × 1.5–1.9 mm, shiny, smooth. |
2n | = 28. |
|
Polygonella fimbriata |
Polygonella macrophylla |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Oct. | Flowering Oct. |
Habitat | Sandy pine-oak forests and sandhills | Sand pine-oak scrub ridges |
Elevation | 10-200 m (0-700 ft) | 0-70 m (0-200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA
|
AL; FL |
Discussion | The chromosome number of 2n = 32 listed for Polygonella fimbriata by P. O. Lewis and D. J. Crawford (1995) appears to be in error. They cited J. H. Horton (1963) as the source; Horton did not count this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Polygonella macrophylla is known only from the Gulf Coast from Franklin County, Florida, westward to Baldwin County, Alabama. Two flower-color morphs exist. Two populations in the vicinity of Carrabelle, Florida, are red-flowered. All other populations produce white or pink flowers. P. O. Lewis (1991b) showed that expected levels of genetic diversity are much lower in white-flowered populations than in red-flowered ones, possibly due to lack of gene flow among populations and high levels of inbreeding. Morphological data suggest that P. macrophylla is most closely related to the more widespread P. polygama (Lewis and D. J. Crawford 1995). Polygonella macrophylla is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 536. | FNA vol. 5, p. 537. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonella | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonella |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Polygonum fimbriatum, Thysanella fimbriata | |
Name authority | (Elliott) Horton: Brittonia 15: 190. (1963) | Small: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 407. (1896) |
Web links |