Polygala sanguinea |
Polygala leptostachys |
|
---|---|---|
blood milkwort, blood or purple or field milkwort, field milkwort, polygale sanguin, purple milkwort |
Georgia milkwort, threadleaf milkwort |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, single-stemmed, (0.5–)1–4 dm, usually branched distally; from taproot (or rarely fibrous root cluster). | Herbs annual, single-stemmed, 1.5–3.5(–5) dm, unbranched or branched distally; from slender taproot, sometimes becoming fibrous root cluster. |
Stems | erect, glabrous. |
erect, glabrous. |
Leaves | alternate; sessile or subsessile; blade spatulate proximally to linear or narrowly elliptic distally, (5–)10–20(–40) × (0.5–)1–3(–5) mm, base acute or obtuse, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous. |
whorled, at least proximally, to alternate distally; sessile or subsessile; blade narrowly obovate to linear-spatulate proximally, linear to filiform distally, 3–30 × 0.5–1(–2.5) mm, base cuneate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Racemes | capitate to densely cylindric, (0.5–)1–2(–4) × 0.5–1.4 cm; peduncle 0.3–2.5(–3) cm; bracts subpersistent to tardily deciduous, subulate. |
spikelike, narrowly cylindric, 0.5–6 × 0.2–0.4 cm; peduncle 0.7–3 cm; bracts deciduous, ovate to lanceolate-ovate. |
Pedicels | 0.4–1.5 mm, glabrous. |
0–0.5 mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | usually pink, purple, or reddish purple, rarely white, sometimes greenish tinged, sepals sometimes pink or white, 4–6 mm; sepals oval, elliptic-ovate, or lanceolate, 1–3 mm; wings ovate to broadly elliptic, (2.6–)4.5–6.3 × (1–)2.5–3.5 mm, apex obtuse to broadly rounded, sometimes minutely apiculate, rarely acute; keel 2.5–3 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–4 lobes on each side. |
white or greenish white, 1.5–2.8 mm; sepals ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.1 mm; wings elliptic or obovate, 1.5–2.6 × 0.8–1 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded; keel 1.3–2.5 mm, crest 2-lobed, with 2 or 3 lobes on each side. |
Capsules | usually with flattened, sterile base, cuneate-subglobose, 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, margins not winged (sometimes with raised rim). |
ellipsoid to oblong, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm, margins not winged. |
Seeds | 1.3–1.7 mm, pubescent; aril 1–1.3 mm, lobes usually (1/2–)2/3 to ± length of seed, rarely minute. |
1.5–2 mm, glabrous; aril 1 mm, lobes 1/2 length of seed. |
Polygala sanguinea |
Polygala leptostachys |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Prairies, old fields, gravelly logging road margins, meadows, glades, bogs, flatwoods, open woods. | Sandhills, dry to xeric pine-oak woodlands. |
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
|
AL; FL; GA; MS |
Discussion | Polygala sanguinea is the only species of the genus in the flora area with the wings to twice the length of the keel. Late season flowers can have much smaller wings, some as small as 2.6 × 1 mm. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Polygala leptostachys is most common in Florida and rare elsewhere in its range. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Polygalaceae > Polygala | Polygalaceae > Polygala |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. viridescens | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 705. (1753) | Shuttleworth ex A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 41. (1852) |
Web links |