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swamp milkwort

Nuttall's milkwort

Habit Herbs annual, single-stemmed, (1–)2–5(–6) dm, branched distally; from taproot, usually quickly becoming fibrous root cluster. Herbs annual, single-stemmed, 1–3 dm, usually branched; from taproot.
Stems

erect, glabrous.

erect, appearing glabrous, but usually puberulent, at least proximally, hairs appressed (very rarely with a few sparse, incurved to spreading hairs).

Leaves

alternate;

sessile or subsessile;

blade linear to subfiliform, 8–25 × 0.5–1 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous.

alternate;

sessile or subsessile;

blade oblanceolate proximally to linear distally, 3–16 × 0.5–1(–1.5) mm, base acute, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent.

Racemes

cylindric, 1.5–13 × 0.5–0.6 cm;

peduncle 0.5–1 cm;

bracts deciduous, narrowly lanceolate-ovate.

densely cylindric, 0.5–4 × 0.4–0.7 cm;

peduncle 0.5–2.5 cm;

bracts persistent, linear-lanceolate.

Pedicels

0.8–1 mm, glabrous.

0.5(–1) mm, glabrous.

Flowers

usually purplish pink or lavender-pink, rarely white, 1.6–2.2 mm;

sepals ovate to narrowly lanceolate-ovate, 0.6–1 mm;

wings obovate or elliptic, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded;

keel 1.5–2 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–3 lobes on each side.

purple, dull reddish pink, or greenish, 2.4–3.4 mm;

sepals ovate, 0.5–0.8 mm;

wings elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 2–3 × 0.5–0.7 mm, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes minutely apiculate;

keel 2–3.2 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2 or 3 blunt lobes on each side.

Capsules

oblong to ellipsoid, 1.4–2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, margins not winged.

ovoid, ellipsoid, or subglobose, 1.5–2.4 × 1.1–1.8 mm, margins not winged.

Seeds

1–1.2 mm, pubescent;

aril 0.1(–0.2) mm, lobes less than 1/8 length of seed.

0.9–1.4 mm, pubescent;

aril 0.3–0.7 mm, lobes to 1/2 length of seed.

2n

= 46.

Polygala appendiculata

Polygala nuttallii

Phenology Flowering spring–early summer. Flowering summer.
Habitat Savannas, pastures, bogs, open pine woods, pond margins. Dry, sandy meadows, open moist disturbed areas, pocosin margins, pine woodlands, bogs, wet flatwoods, powerline cuts, roadsides.
Elevation 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; LA; MS; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Campeche, México, Michoacán, Tabasco, Veracruz); West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; KY; MA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NY; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Polygala appendiculata is part of a widespread complex in Latin America, potentially representing more than one evolutionary lineage. Even if found to be a single lineage, it is one with a complicated nomenclatural history (J. F. B. Pastore 2013).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Polygala nuttallii has been reported for Ontario, Canada; no vouchers are known (J. M. Gillett 1968b).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Polygalaceae > Polygala Polygalaceae > Polygala
Sibling taxa
P. alba, P. balduinii, P. boykinii, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. crenata, P. cruciata, P. curtissii, P. cymosa, P. glochidata, P. hemipterocarpa, P. hookeri, P. incarnata, P. leptostachys, P. lewtonii, P. lutea, P. mariana, P. nana, P. nuttallii, P. polygama, P. ramosa, P. rugelii, P. sanguinea, P. scoparioides, P. senega, P. setacea, P. smallii, P. verticillata, P. vulgaris, P. watsonii
P. alba, P. appendiculata, P. balduinii, P. boykinii, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. crenata, P. cruciata, P. curtissii, P. cymosa, P. glochidata, P. hemipterocarpa, P. hookeri, P. incarnata, P. leptostachys, P. lewtonii, P. lutea, P. mariana, P. nana, P. polygama, P. ramosa, P. rugelii, P. sanguinea, P. scoparioides, P. senega, P. setacea, P. smallii, P. verticillata, P. vulgaris, P. watsonii
Synonyms P. leptocaulis
Name authority Vellozo: Fl. Flumin., 292. (1829): plate 66. (1831) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 670. (1840)
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