Polygala appendiculata |
Polygala nuttallii |
|
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swamp milkwort |
Nuttall's milkwort |
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Habit | Herbs annual, single-stemmed, (1–)2–5(–6) dm, branched distally; from taproot, usually quickly becoming fibrous root cluster. | Herbs annual, single-stemmed, 1–3 dm, usually branched; from taproot. |
Stems | erect, glabrous. |
erect, appearing glabrous, but usually puberulent, at least proximally, hairs appressed (very rarely with a few sparse, incurved to spreading hairs). |
Leaves | alternate; sessile or subsessile; blade linear to subfiliform, 8–25 × 0.5–1 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous. |
alternate; sessile or subsessile; blade oblanceolate proximally to linear distally, 3–16 × 0.5–1(–1.5) mm, base acute, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
Racemes | cylindric, 1.5–13 × 0.5–0.6 cm; peduncle 0.5–1 cm; bracts deciduous, narrowly lanceolate-ovate. |
densely cylindric, 0.5–4 × 0.4–0.7 cm; peduncle 0.5–2.5 cm; bracts persistent, linear-lanceolate. |
Pedicels | 0.8–1 mm, glabrous. |
0.5(–1) mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | usually purplish pink or lavender-pink, rarely white, 1.6–2.2 mm; sepals ovate to narrowly lanceolate-ovate, 0.6–1 mm; wings obovate or elliptic, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded; keel 1.5–2 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–3 lobes on each side. |
purple, dull reddish pink, or greenish, 2.4–3.4 mm; sepals ovate, 0.5–0.8 mm; wings elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 2–3 × 0.5–0.7 mm, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes minutely apiculate; keel 2–3.2 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2 or 3 blunt lobes on each side. |
Capsules | oblong to ellipsoid, 1.4–2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, margins not winged. |
ovoid, ellipsoid, or subglobose, 1.5–2.4 × 1.1–1.8 mm, margins not winged. |
Seeds | 1–1.2 mm, pubescent; aril 0.1(–0.2) mm, lobes less than 1/8 length of seed. |
0.9–1.4 mm, pubescent; aril 0.3–0.7 mm, lobes to 1/2 length of seed. |
2n | = 46. |
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Polygala appendiculata |
Polygala nuttallii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Savannas, pastures, bogs, open pine woods, pond margins. | Dry, sandy meadows, open moist disturbed areas, pocosin margins, pine woodlands, bogs, wet flatwoods, powerline cuts, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; LA; MS; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Campeche, México, Michoacán, Tabasco, Veracruz); West Indies
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AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; KY; MA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NY; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA
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Discussion | Polygala appendiculata is part of a widespread complex in Latin America, potentially representing more than one evolutionary lineage. Even if found to be a single lineage, it is one with a complicated nomenclatural history (J. F. B. Pastore 2013). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Polygala nuttallii has been reported for Ontario, Canada; no vouchers are known (J. M. Gillett 1968b). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Polygalaceae > Polygala | Polygalaceae > Polygala |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. leptocaulis | |
Name authority | Vellozo: Fl. Flumin., 292. (1829): plate 66. (1831) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 670. (1840) |
Web links |