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swamp milkwort

lewton's milkwort

Habit Herbs annual, single-stemmed, (1–)2–5(–6) dm, branched distally; from taproot, usually quickly becoming fibrous root cluster. Herbs short-lived perennial (rarely biennial or annual), usually multi-stemmed, 1–2.5 dm, unbranched (or rarely branched medially to distally); from taproot (or rarely fibrous root cluster).
Stems

erect, glabrous.

erect, sometimes laxly so, to nearly decumbent, glabrous.

Leaves

alternate;

sessile or subsessile;

blade linear to subfiliform, 8–25 × 0.5–1 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous.

usually alternate, sometimes subopposite or opposite when scalelike proximally (less than 2 mm);

sessile or subsessile, or with narrow petiolelike portion to 2(–3) mm;

blade spatulate to linear-oblong, sometimes scalelike proximally, 5–15(–30) × 1–3(–6) mm, base cuneate, apex obtuse to rounded or acute, surfaces glabrous.

Racemes

cylindric, 1.5–13 × 0.5–0.6 cm;

peduncle 0.5–1 cm;

bracts deciduous, narrowly lanceolate-ovate.

loosely cylindric (open, elongate), 1.3–6(–10) × 0.8–1.6 cm;

peduncle 0.5–1(–2) cm;

bracts deciduous, ovate to oblong-ovate or elliptic.

Pedicels

0.8–1 mm, glabrous.

(1–)2(–3) mm, glabrous.

Flowers

usually purplish pink or lavender-pink, rarely white, 1.6–2.2 mm;

sepals ovate to narrowly lanceolate-ovate, 0.6–1 mm;

wings obovate or elliptic, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded;

keel 1.5–2 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–3 lobes on each side.

pink to pale purple, 6–8 mm;

sepals ovate, 0.8–1.1 mm;

wings elliptic or obovate, 3–6 ×1.5–2.7 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded;

keel(2–)3–5 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2 or 3 lobes on each side, each lobe subdivided into 2–4 lobes.

Capsules

oblong to ellipsoid, 1.4–2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, margins not winged.

ellipsoid or oblong, 2.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, margins not winged.

Seeds

1–1.2 mm, pubescent;

aril 0.1(–0.2) mm, lobes less than 1/8 length of seed.

2.3–3.3 mm, pubescent;

aril 2–3 mm, lobes 3/4 to equal length of seed.

Cleistogamous

flowers present in racemes usually below, rarely just above, soil surface, sometimes in proximal leaf axils later in season.

Polygala appendiculata

Polygala lewtonii

Phenology Flowering spring–early summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Savannas, pastures, bogs, open pine woods, pond margins. Sandhills, scrub.
Elevation 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; LA; MS; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Campeche, México, Michoacán, Tabasco, Veracruz); West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Polygala appendiculata is part of a widespread complex in Latin America, potentially representing more than one evolutionary lineage. Even if found to be a single lineage, it is one with a complicated nomenclatural history (J. F. B. Pastore 2013).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Polygala lewtonii occurs in Highlands, Lake, Marion, Orange, Osceola, and Polk counties, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2010).

Polygala lewtonii is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Polygalaceae > Polygala Polygalaceae > Polygala
Sibling taxa
P. alba, P. balduinii, P. boykinii, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. crenata, P. cruciata, P. curtissii, P. cymosa, P. glochidata, P. hemipterocarpa, P. hookeri, P. incarnata, P. leptostachys, P. lewtonii, P. lutea, P. mariana, P. nana, P. nuttallii, P. polygama, P. ramosa, P. rugelii, P. sanguinea, P. scoparioides, P. senega, P. setacea, P. smallii, P. verticillata, P. vulgaris, P. watsonii
P. alba, P. appendiculata, P. balduinii, P. boykinii, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. crenata, P. cruciata, P. curtissii, P. cymosa, P. glochidata, P. hemipterocarpa, P. hookeri, P. incarnata, P. leptostachys, P. lutea, P. mariana, P. nana, P. nuttallii, P. polygama, P. ramosa, P. rugelii, P. sanguinea, P. scoparioides, P. senega, P. setacea, P. smallii, P. verticillata, P. vulgaris, P. watsonii
Synonyms P. leptocaulis
Name authority Vellozo: Fl. Flumin., 292. (1829): plate 66. (1831) Small: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 140. (1898)
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