Polygala appendiculata |
Polygala lewtonii |
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swamp milkwort |
lewton's milkwort |
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Habit | Herbs annual, single-stemmed, (1–)2–5(–6) dm, branched distally; from taproot, usually quickly becoming fibrous root cluster. | Herbs short-lived perennial (rarely biennial or annual), usually multi-stemmed, 1–2.5 dm, unbranched (or rarely branched medially to distally); from taproot (or rarely fibrous root cluster). |
Stems | erect, glabrous. |
erect, sometimes laxly so, to nearly decumbent, glabrous. |
Leaves | alternate; sessile or subsessile; blade linear to subfiliform, 8–25 × 0.5–1 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous. |
usually alternate, sometimes subopposite or opposite when scalelike proximally (less than 2 mm); sessile or subsessile, or with narrow petiolelike portion to 2(–3) mm; blade spatulate to linear-oblong, sometimes scalelike proximally, 5–15(–30) × 1–3(–6) mm, base cuneate, apex obtuse to rounded or acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Racemes | cylindric, 1.5–13 × 0.5–0.6 cm; peduncle 0.5–1 cm; bracts deciduous, narrowly lanceolate-ovate. |
loosely cylindric (open, elongate), 1.3–6(–10) × 0.8–1.6 cm; peduncle 0.5–1(–2) cm; bracts deciduous, ovate to oblong-ovate or elliptic. |
Pedicels | 0.8–1 mm, glabrous. |
(1–)2(–3) mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | usually purplish pink or lavender-pink, rarely white, 1.6–2.2 mm; sepals ovate to narrowly lanceolate-ovate, 0.6–1 mm; wings obovate or elliptic, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded; keel 1.5–2 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–3 lobes on each side. |
pink to pale purple, 6–8 mm; sepals ovate, 0.8–1.1 mm; wings elliptic or obovate, 3–6 ×1.5–2.7 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded; keel(2–)3–5 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2 or 3 lobes on each side, each lobe subdivided into 2–4 lobes. |
Capsules | oblong to ellipsoid, 1.4–2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, margins not winged. |
ellipsoid or oblong, 2.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, margins not winged. |
Seeds | 1–1.2 mm, pubescent; aril 0.1(–0.2) mm, lobes less than 1/8 length of seed. |
2.3–3.3 mm, pubescent; aril 2–3 mm, lobes 3/4 to equal length of seed. |
Cleistogamous | flowers present in racemes usually below, rarely just above, soil surface, sometimes in proximal leaf axils later in season. |
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Polygala appendiculata |
Polygala lewtonii |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Savannas, pastures, bogs, open pine woods, pond margins. | Sandhills, scrub. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; LA; MS; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Campeche, México, Michoacán, Tabasco, Veracruz); West Indies
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FL |
Discussion | Polygala appendiculata is part of a widespread complex in Latin America, potentially representing more than one evolutionary lineage. Even if found to be a single lineage, it is one with a complicated nomenclatural history (J. F. B. Pastore 2013). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Polygala lewtonii occurs in Highlands, Lake, Marion, Orange, Osceola, and Polk counties, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2010). Polygala lewtonii is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Polygalaceae > Polygala | Polygalaceae > Polygala |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. leptocaulis | |
Name authority | Vellozo: Fl. Flumin., 292. (1829): plate 66. (1831) | Small: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 140. (1898) |
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