Polygala appendiculata |
Polygala boykinii |
|
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swamp milkwort |
Boykin's milkwort |
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Habit | Herbs annual, single-stemmed, (1–)2–5(–6) dm, branched distally; from taproot, usually quickly becoming fibrous root cluster. | Herbs short-lived perennial, usually multi-stemmed, (1.5–)2–6 dm, infrequently branched distally; caudex thickened. |
Stems | erect, glabrous. |
usually erect or decumbent, rarely prostrate, glabrous. |
Leaves | alternate; sessile or subsessile; blade linear to subfiliform, 8–25 × 0.5–1 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous. |
whorled, at least proximally, to alternate distally; sessile or subsessile, rarely with narrowed petiolelike base to 1 mm; blade linear, elliptic, lanceolate, or obovate, 3–25 × 1–5 mm, base cuneate, margins sometimes erose, appearing toothed, apex often acute, sometimes obtuse or rounded proximally, surfaces glabrous. |
Racemes | cylindric, 1.5–13 × 0.5–0.6 cm; peduncle 0.5–1 cm; bracts deciduous, narrowly lanceolate-ovate. |
narrowly cylindric, 3–12(–15) × 0.4–0.8 cm; peduncle to 9 cm (elongate); bracts deciduous, lanceolate-ovate. |
Pedicels | 0.8–1 mm, glabrous. |
to 0.5 mm (to 1 mm in fruit), glabrous. |
Flowers | usually purplish pink or lavender-pink, rarely white, 1.6–2.2 mm; sepals ovate to narrowly lanceolate-ovate, 0.6–1 mm; wings obovate or elliptic, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded; keel 1.5–2 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–3 lobes on each side. |
white or greenish white, 2.5–3.2 mm; sepals ovate to elliptic, 1–1.3 mm; wings suborbiculate, broadly elliptic, or obovate, 2–3 × 1.5–2.5 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded; keel 2–3 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–4 lobes on each side. |
Capsules | oblong to ellipsoid, 1.4–2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, margins not winged. |
subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, 1.7–4 × (1.2–)2–3 mm, margins not winged. |
Seeds | 1–1.2 mm, pubescent; aril 0.1(–0.2) mm, lobes less than 1/8 length of seed. |
1–2.5 mm, pubescent; aril 0.5–1.5 mm, lobes 1/3–2/3 length of seed. |
2n | = ca. 28, 96. |
|
Polygala appendiculata |
Polygala boykinii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Savannas, pastures, bogs, open pine woods, pond margins. | Open slopes, prairielike sites, cut-over oak-pine forests, limestone outcrops, flatwoods. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; LA; MS; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Campeche, México, Michoacán, Tabasco, Veracruz); West Indies
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TN; West Indies
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Discussion | Polygala appendiculata is part of a widespread complex in Latin America, potentially representing more than one evolutionary lineage. Even if found to be a single lineage, it is one with a complicated nomenclatural history (J. F. B. Pastore 2013). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Polygala boykinii is highly variable, with numerous distinctive forms in southern Florida and the Caribbean, some of which may merit specific recognition. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Polygalaceae > Polygala | Polygalaceae > Polygala |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. leptocaulis | Polygalaboykinii var. var. sparsifolia, P. boykinii var. suborbicularis, P. flagellaris, P. praetervisa |
Name authority | Vellozo: Fl. Flumin., 292. (1829): plate 66. (1831) | Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 86. (1834) — (as boykini) |
Web links |