Polanisia jamesii |
Polanisia uniglandulosa |
|
---|---|---|
James' clammyweed |
Mexican clammyweed |
|
Habit | Annuals, 15–40(–60) cm. | Perennials, 40–80 cm. |
Stems | branched; hairs stalked, glandular throughout. |
sparsely or profusely branched; hairs stalked, glandular throughout. |
Leaves | petiole green to purple, angled, (0.2–)0.5–0.8(–1) cm; leaflet blade linear to narrowly elliptic, 1.5–2.8 × 0.1–0.2 cm, margins entire, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces densely glandular abaxially, sparsely glandular adaxially. |
petiole green to purple, angled, 1.5–4.5(–6) cm, (glandular); leaflet blade broadly elliptic to oblanceolate, 2–4 × 1–2 cm, margins entire, apex obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces sparsely glandular. |
Racemes | 1–3 cm (6–8 cm in fruit); bracts trifoliate, ovate, 5–15 mm. |
5–20 cm (10–30 cm in fruit); bracts unifoliate, ovate, 8–12 mm. |
Pedicels | 5–15 mm. |
10–25(–40) mm. |
Flowers | sepals pale yellow, glandular, lanceolate, 1.6–2.6 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse; petals white, oblong-ovate, clawed, abaxial pair 1.5–3 × 1–2 mm (6 or 7-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate, adaxial pair 3–5 × 2–3 mm (4 or 5-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate; nectary glands yellow (drying purple), 0.5–1 mm; stamens 6–9, slightly exserted, yellow, 3.2–5.2 mm; anthers yellow, 0.5–1 mm; gynophore 2–4 mm in fruit; ovary 2.5–5(–7) mm; style persistent in fruit, 2.5–4.5 mm; stigma red. |
sepals purple, oblong, 3–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm, margins entire, apex acuminate, glandular; petals white, narrowly spatulate, clawed, abaxial pair 10–20 × 2–3(–5) mm, apex emarginate to lacerate, adaxial pair 15–30 × 3–5 mm, apex emarginate; nectary glands bright orange, not conspicuous (in fruit); stamens 20–27, exserted, purple, 20–50 mm; anthers purple, 1–1.3 mm; gynophore 0–2 mm in fruit; ovary 5–10 mm; style deciduous in fruit, 20–40 mm; stigma purple. |
Capsules | 8–30 × 2–4 mm, reticulate, glandular. |
(somewhat inflated), 60–100 × 7–10 mm, reticulate, glandular. |
Seeds | 18–36, bright reddish brown, globose to oblong, 1.8–2 mm, pebbled (without transverse ridges). |
20–65, dark reddish brown, globose to oblong, 1.5–2 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 20. |
= 20. |
Polanisia jamesii |
Polanisia uniglandulosa |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–early fall. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Sandy soil, often in blowouts in prairies and stabilized dunes | Pinyon, juniper, and oak woodlands, arroyos, riverbeds, roadsides, pastures |
Elevation | 200-1400 m (700-4600 ft) | 300-800 m (1000-2600 ft) |
Distribution |
CO; IA; IL; IN; MN; NE; NM; OH; OK; SD; TX; WI
|
NM; TX; Mexico |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Populations of Polanisia jamesii in Indiana and Ohio are adventive. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Polanisia uniglandulosa is the only perennial species of the genus, notable for its large, showy, white petals and silky-iridescent seed testa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 203. | FNA vol. 7, p. 204. |
Parent taxa | Cleomaceae > Polanisia | Cleomaceae > Polanisia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cristatella jamesii | Cleome uniglandulosa, P. dodecandra subsp. uniglandulosa |
Name authority | (Torrey & A. Gray) H. H. Iltis: Brittonia 10: 54. (1958) | (Cavanilles) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 242. (1824) |
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