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James' clammyweed

pineland catchfly, slender clammyweed, slenderleaf clammyweed

Habit Annuals, 15–40(–60) cm. Annuals, 20–45(–90) cm.
Stems

branched;

hairs stalked, glandular throughout.

usually unbranched, sometimes branched (reddish purple);

hairs stalked, glandular throughout.

Leaves

petiole green to purple, angled, (0.2–)0.5–0.8(–1) cm;

leaflet blade linear to narrowly elliptic, 1.5–2.8 × 0.1–0.2 cm, margins entire, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces densely glandular abaxially, sparsely glandular adaxially.

petiole green to purple, subterete, (0.2–)1–3 cm;

leaflet blade (conduplicate), linear, 1–5 × 0.05–0.2 cm, margins entire, apex obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces sparsely glandular abaxially, glabrous or sparsely glandular adaxially, (fleshy).

Racemes

1–3 cm (6–8 cm in fruit);

bracts trifoliate, ovate, 5–15 mm.

1–3 cm (6–8 cm in fruit);

bracts trifoliate, elliptic, 5–15 mm.

Pedicels

5–15 mm.

5–15 mm.

Flowers

sepals pale yellow, glandular, lanceolate, 1.6–2.6 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse;

petals white, oblong-ovate, clawed, abaxial pair 1.5–3 × 1–2 mm (6 or 7-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate, adaxial pair 3–5 × 2–3 mm (4 or 5-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate;

nectary glands yellow (drying purple), 0.5–1 mm;

stamens 6–9, slightly exserted, yellow, 3.2–5.2 mm;

anthers yellow, 0.5–1 mm;

gynophore 2–4 mm in fruit;

ovary 2.5–5(–7) mm;

style persistent in fruit, 2.5–4.5 mm;

stigma red.

sepals (reflexed), pale yellow, lanceolate to deltate, 1.6–2.6 × 0.7–1.2 mm, clawed, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse, glandular;

petals white, oblong-ovate, abaxial pair 1.5–3 × 1–2 mm (6 or 7-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate, adaxial pair 3.5–5 × 2–3 mm (barely clawed, 4 or 5-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate;

nectary glands yellow (drying purple), 0.5 mm;

stamens 8–13, slightly exserted, yellow, 3–6 mm;

anthers yellow with maroon tip, 1–2 mm;

gynophore 1.7–4 mm in fruit;

ovary 2.5–5(–7) mm;

style persistent in fruit, 2.5–4.5 mm;

stigma red.

Capsules

8–30 × 2–4 mm, reticulate, glandular.

40–60 × 2–4 mm, reticulate, glandular or glabrous.

Seeds

18–36, bright reddish brown, globose to oblong, 1.8–2 mm, pebbled (without transverse ridges).

18–36, reddish brown, spheroidal, 0.7–0.9 mm, pebbled (without transverse ridges).

2n

= 20.

= 20.

Polanisia jamesii

Polanisia tenuifolia

Phenology Flowering summer–early fall. Flowering spring–late summer.
Habitat Sandy soil, often in blowouts in prairies and stabilized dunes Scrub, dry pinelands, oak-pine woods, sandhills, lakeshores
Elevation 200-1400 m (700-4600 ft) 0-100 m (0-300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; IA; IL; IN; MN; NE; NM; OH; OK; SD; TX; WI
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; MS
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Populations of Polanisia jamesii in Indiana and Ohio are adventive.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Polanisia tenuifolia is restricted to the Coastal Plain Province, from Florida to Mississippi, and Georgia. The common name catchfly refers to insects sticking to the viscid glandular secretions of the herbage. The same name is given also to some species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) for the same reason.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 203. FNA vol. 7, p. 204.
Parent taxa Cleomaceae > Polanisia Cleomaceae > Polanisia
Sibling taxa
P. dodecandra, P. erosa, P. tenuifolia, P. uniglandulosa
P. dodecandra, P. erosa, P. jamesii, P. uniglandulosa
Synonyms Cristatella jamesii Aldenella tenuifolia, Cleome aldenella, Jacksonia tenuifolia
Name authority (Torrey & A. Gray) H. H. Iltis: Brittonia 10: 54. (1958) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 123. (1838)
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