Polanisia jamesii |
Polanisia dodecandra |
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James' clammyweed |
polanisia dodecandra, red-whisker clammy-weed, red-whiskered clammyweed, roughseed clammyweed |
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Habit | Annuals, 15–40(–60) cm. | Annuals, rarely perennials, (5–)10–60(–90+) cm. | ||||||||
Stems | branched; hairs stalked, glandular throughout. |
branched; hairs stalked, glandular throughout. |
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Leaves | petiole green to purple, angled, (0.2–)0.5–0.8(–1) cm; leaflet blade linear to narrowly elliptic, 1.5–2.8 × 0.1–0.2 cm, margins entire, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces densely glandular abaxially, sparsely glandular adaxially. |
petiole green to purple, angled, 1.5–4.5(–6) cm, glandular; leaflet blade oblanceolate to obovate or broadly elliptic, 1.9–4.5(–6.5) × 0.5–2(–3) cm, margins entire, surfaces sparsely glandular. |
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Racemes | 1–3 cm (6–8 cm in fruit); bracts trifoliate, ovate, 5–15 mm. |
(dense) 5–20 cm (10–30 cm in fruit); bracts unifoliate, lanceolate to orbiculate, 5–20 mm. |
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Pedicels | 5–15 mm. |
10–25(–40) mm. |
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Flowers | sepals pale yellow, glandular, lanceolate, 1.6–2.6 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse; petals white, oblong-ovate, clawed, abaxial pair 1.5–3 × 1–2 mm (6 or 7-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate, adaxial pair 3–5 × 2–3 mm (4 or 5-lobed), apex emarginate to lacerate; nectary glands yellow (drying purple), 0.5–1 mm; stamens 6–9, slightly exserted, yellow, 3.2–5.2 mm; anthers yellow, 0.5–1 mm; gynophore 2–4 mm in fruit; ovary 2.5–5(–7) mm; style persistent in fruit, 2.5–4.5 mm; stigma red. |
sepals purple, oblong, 3–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm, margins entire, apex acuminate, glandular; petals white, pink, rose, or purple, oblong-ovate, clawed, abaxial pair (3–)5–10 × 1.8–3(–5) mm, apex emarginate to lacerate, adaxial pair 8–14 × 3–5 mm, apex emarginate; nectary glands bright orange, not conspicuous (in fruit); stamens 10–20, exserted, purple, (6–)7–28(–40) mm; anthers purple, 1–1.3 mm; gynophore 0–2 mm in fruit; ovary 5–10 mm; style deciduous in fruit, 5–17 mm; stigma purple. |
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Capsules | 8–30 × 2–4 mm, reticulate, glandular. |
(inflated) 40–70 × 5–9 mm, reticulate, glandular. |
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Seeds | 18–36, bright reddish brown, globose to oblong, 1.8–2 mm, pebbled (without transverse ridges). |
20–65, dark reddish brown, globose to oblong, 2–2.3 mm, roughened or tuberculate-rugose. |
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2n | = 20. |
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Polanisia jamesii |
Polanisia dodecandra |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–early fall. | |||||||||
Habitat | Sandy soil, often in blowouts in prairies and stabilized dunes | |||||||||
Elevation | 200-1400 m (700-4600 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
CO; IA; IL; IN; MN; NE; NM; OH; OK; SD; TX; WI
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; MB; ON; QC; SK; n Mexico
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Populations of Polanisia jamesii in Indiana and Ohio are adventive. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 203. | FNA vol. 7, p. 201. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Cleomaceae > Polanisia | Cleomaceae > Polanisia | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Cristatella jamesii | Cleome dodecandra | ||||||||
Name authority | (Torrey & A. Gray) H. H. Iltis: Brittonia 10: 54. (1958) | (Linnaeus) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 242. (1824) | ||||||||
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