Flora of North America species comparison

0.8–10 cm.

0.3–3 cm.

laxly spreading to more stiffly erect, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.6–1.2 mm;

margins weakly to strongly serrulate in distal 1/3;

costa ending well before apex;

distal medial laminal cells laxly and broadly hexagonal to rhomboidal, 65–110 µm, walls thin.

± erect, lanceolate, 0.8–1.1 mm;

margins serrulate to serrate in distal 1/3;

costa subpercurrent;

distal medial laminal cells rhombic to rhomboidal, 65–95 µm, walls thin.

orange-brown.

orange-brown.

dioicous;

perigonial leaves ovate;

perichaetial leaves weakly differentiated, lanceolate.

dioicous;

perigonial leaves ovate;

perichaetial leaves scarcely differentiated, lanceolate.

inclined ± 180°, brown to red-brown, sometimes stramineous, short-pyriform to urceolate, neck less than 1/3 urn length;

exothecial cells isodiametric, walls sinuate;

stomata immersed;

annulus absent;

operculum short- to long-conic;

exostome teeth light brown to red-brown, triangular-acute;

endostome hyaline to yellow, basal membrane 1/2 exostome length or slightly longer, segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose.

inclined 95–180°, brown to stramineous, pyriform, neck 1/3 urn length;

exothecial cells short-rectangular, walls sinuate;

stomata superficial;

annulus present;

operculum convex-conic;

exostome teeth yellow-brown, narrowly triangular-acute;

endostome hyaline, basal membrane 1/2 exostome length, segments distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia short to rudimentary.

15–21 µm, finely roughened.

16–21 µm, finely roughened.

asexual reproduction absent.

asexual reproduction usually present when sterile;

axillary gemmae 2–8, obconic to oblong, shorter than leaves, yellow, pink, or green, leaf primordia usually at apex, occasionally more proximally, laminate.