Pohlia nutans
Pohlia melanodon
nodding pohlia, nodding thread-moss, pohlia moss
pink-fruit pohlia, pink-fruit thread-moss, pohlia moss
0.5–3.5(–10) cm.
0.3–1 cm.
erect to ± spreading, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 2 mm;
base not or scarcely decurrent;
margins subentire or more often serrulate to serrate in distal 1/3;
costa subpercurrent, percurrent, or rarely short-excurrent;
distal medial laminal cells hexagonal to rhomboidal, firm, 50–90 µm, walls moderately thick.
erect-spreading to spreading, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.7–1.3 mm;
base not or scarcely decurrent;
margins weakly serrulate in distal 1/3;
apex acute or short-acuminate;
costa ending well before apex;
distal medial laminal cells laxly and broadly rhomboidal, 60–100 µm, walls thin.
orange to orange-brown.
orange-brown.
paroicous, rarely dioicous;
perigonial leaves ovate-lanceolate;
perichaetial leaves somewhat differentiated, ± long-lanceolate.
dioicous;
perigonial leaves ovate;
perichaetial leaves scarcely differentiated, lanceolate.
inclined 80–100°, orange to orange-brown, slender-pyriform, neck 1/2 urn length;
exothecial cells elongate-rectangular, walls straight;
stomata superficial;
annulus present;
operculum conic;
exostome teeth yellow to orange-brown, acute-triangular;
endostome hyaline or rarely orange-brown, basal membrane 1/2 exostome length, segments tapered apically, broadly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia short to long.
inclined ± 180°, brown to red-brown, sometimes stramineous, short-pyriform to urceolate, neck less than 1/3 urn length;
exothecial cells isodiametric, walls sinuate;
stomata immersed;
annulus absent;
operculum short- to long-conic;
exostome teeth dark brown to red-brown, triangular-acute;
endostome yellow to yellow-brown, basal membrane 1/2 exostome length or slightly longer, segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose.
16–22 µm, finely to distinctly roughened.
13–18 µm, finely roughened.
asexual reproduction typically absent.
asexual reproduction absent.
Pohlia nutans
Pohlia melanodon
Pohlia nutans is the most common species of Pohlia in North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast to the treatment by A. J. Shaw (1982), P. sphagnicola is not separated here from P. nutans; the type of P. sphagnicola is European. Plants referable to P. sphagnicola, including North American collections, differ in being dioicous and having entire leaves, slightly shorter laminal cells, and smaller spores. The habitat in Sphagnum hummocks is not diagnostic; at least 80% of plants growing in Sphagnum are P. nutans. Pohlia schimperi, a northern form with reddish leaves, also dioicous, is not recognized, as per Shaw.
The peristome of Pohlia nutans is as well developed as any in Pohlia, with long, tapered, trabeculate exostome teeth and well-developed endostomes with broadly keeled, widely perforate segments and short to long cilia. The laminal cells are short- to elongate-hexagonal with thickened walls. The only other North American species with relatively thick-walled laminal cells is P. elongata; the cells of P. elongata are typically longer, but there is extensive overlap in sizes. Plants without sporophytes have generally been named P. nutans, although some collections from montane regions may actually be P. elongata; sporophytes of P. elongata have longer necks, as long as or longer than the urns, and reduced peristomes with endostome segments narrowly split along the keel and (usually) no cilia.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Pohlia melanodon has soft, dark green, rather broad ovate-lanceolate leaves with lax, thin-walled cells. The species does not produce elongate sterile cushions as does P. wahlenbergii; even when sterile, the plants have short stems and are rather densely leafy. Pohlia melanodon is more common in eastern North America than collections indicate; it is often sterile and for that reason rarely collected. The exothecial cell walls of capsules of this species are somewhat collenchymatous.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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