Flora of North America species comparison

1-12 cm, slender.

(10)15-120 cm, slender to stout, erect or the bases slightly decumbent, terete or weakly compressed;

nodes terete, 0-2 exserted.

closed for 1/6 – 1/4 their length, terete;

ligules 1-3 mm, milky white to hyaline, smooth;

blades 0.5-2 mm wide, flat or folded, or slightly inrolled, thin, without papillae (at 100x), apices narrowly prow-shaped.

closed for 1/10-1/4 their length, terete, smooth or scabrous, glabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths (0.95)1.5-7(15) times blade lengths;

collars smooth or scabrous, glabrous;

ligules 0.5-6(10) mm, smooth or scabrous, truncate to acuminate, ligules of innovation leaves similar to those of the cauline leaves or shorter and truncate;

innovation blades similar to the cauline blades;

cauline blades gradually reduced in length upwards or the middle blades longest, 0.4-3(5) mm wide, flat, folded, or involute, thin, soft, and soon withering to thick, firm, and persisting, smooth or scabrous mainly over the veins, glabrous, apices narrowly prow-shaped, flag leaf blades 0.8-10(17) cm.

all or mainly intra-vaginal.

intra- and extra vaginal.

1-3 cm, erect, contracted, usually exserted from the sheaths;

branches to 1.5 cm, erect to steeply ascending, slender, sulcate or angled, smooth or the angles sparsely scabrous;

pedicels shorter than the spikelets.

2-25(30) cm, erect or somewhat lax, narrowly lanceoloid to ovoid, usually contracted, more or less open at anthesis, infrequently remaining open at maturity, green or anthocyanic, sometimes glaucous, usually moderately congested, with 10-100+ spikelets;

nodes usually with 1-3 branches;

branches (0.5)1-8(10) cm, usually erect or ascending, infrequently spreading at maturity, terete to weakly angled, usually sparsely to densely scabrous on and between the angles, with (1)2-20(60+) spikelets in the distal 1/2-1/3.

3-4 mm, laterally compressed, green or anthocyanic;

florets 2-3;

rachilla internodes shorter than 1 mm, smooth.

(4)5-10 mm, lengths (3.8)4-5 times widths, usually narrowly lanceolate, subterete to weakly laterally compressed, drab, green or strongly anthocyanic, sometimes glaucous;

florets (2)3-5(10);

rachilla internodes usually 1-2 mm, terete or slightly dorsally compressed, smooth or muriculate to scabrous.

usually equaling or exceeding the lowest lemmas, sometimes also equaling or exceeding the upper florets, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, distinctly keeled, keels smooth;

lower glumes 3-veined;

calluses glabrous;

lemmas 2.5-3 mm, lanceolate, distinctly keeled, thin, usually glabrous, keels and marginal veins rarely sparsely puberulent proximally, apices acute;

palea keels scabrous;

anthers 0.2-0.8 mm.

broadly lanceolate, keels indistinct;

lower glumes 3-veined;

calluses glabrous or with a crown of hairs, hairs 0.1-0.5(2) mm, crisp or slightly sinuous;

lemmas 3.5-6 mm, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate or slightly oblanceolate, usually weakly keeled, glabrous or the keels and marginal veins softly puberulent to short-villous, intercostal regions smooth or scabrous, glabrous, short-villous, crisply puberulent or softly puberulent over the basal 2/3, hairs usually 0.1-0.5 mm, hairs of the keels and veins frequently similar in length to those between the veins, usually not or only slightly denser and extending further towards the apices, lateral veins obscure, margins strongly inrolled below, broadly scarious above, glabrous, apices obtuse to broadly acute, blunt, or pointed;

palea keels scabrous, glabrous or softly puberulent to short-villous at midlength;

anthers 1.5-3 mm.

= 14.

= 42, 44+f, ca. 48, 56, ca. 62, 63, ca. 66, ca. 68, 70, ca.72, ca. 74, 78, ca. 80, 81, 82, ca. 83, 84-86, ca. 87, ca. 88, ca. 90, ca. 91, 93, ca. 94, ca. 97, ca. 98, ca. 99, 100, 104, 105-106.