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Howell's blue grass

supine bluegrass

Habit Plants usually annual, rarely longer-lived; densely tufted, tuft bases narrow; not stoloniferous, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; stoloniferous, loosely tufted.
Culms

(10) 25-80(120) cm tall, 0.4-1.75 mm thick, usually erect;

nodes terete, usually 1-2 exserted.

8-12(20) cm, slender, bases decumbent, terete or weakly compressed;

nodes terete, 1 exserted.

Sheaths

closed for 1/2 - 7/8 their length, usually weakly compressed and keeled, usually scabrous, rarely smooth;

ligules 1.5-5(10) mm, smooth or scabrous, acute;

blades 1-7(10) mm wide, flat, lax, soft, finely scabrous, apices narrowly prow-shaped, cauline blades 2-10 cm.

closed for 1/4-1/3 their length, terete, smooth, glabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 2-4 times blade lengths;

collars smooth, glabrous;

ligules 0.6-1 mm, smooth, glabrous, truncate;

blades 2-3 mm wide, flat, thin, soft, smooth, apices broadly prow-shaped, cauline blades subequal.

Basal branching

intravaginal.

intravaginal.

Panicles

10-25(30) cm, erect, eventually open, with (1)3-5(7) branches per node;

branches eventually spreading or reflexed, fairly straight, angled, angles usually moderately to densely scabrous, rarely sparsely scabrous.

2.5-5 cm, lengths 1-2 times widths, erect, loosely contracted or open, ovoid to pyramidal, sparse, with 10-25(30) spikelets and 1-2 branches per node;

branches 1-3 cm, spreading to reflexed, straight, terete, smooth or sparsely scabrous, with 2-5(8) spikelets.

Spikelets

(2)4-6 mm, laterally compressed, with 2-5 florets;

rachilla internodes about 1 mm, smooth, usually softly puberulent, infrequently glabrous.

4-6 mm, laterally compressed;

florets 3-7;

rachilla internodes smooth, glabrous, more or less concealed, distal internode less than 1/2 the length of the distal lemma.

Glumes

slightly unequal, lanceolate, distinctly keeled, keels and sometimes the lateral veins sparsely to moderately scabrous;

lower glumes 1-3-veined;

upper glumes shorter than or subequal to the lowest lemmas;

calluses of some or all florets sparsely webbed;

lemmas 2.5-3.5 mm, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, distinctly keeled, crisply puberulent proximally, hairs evenly distributed, finely scabrous distally, lateral veins obscure to prominent, margins narrowly hyaline, glabrous, apices narrowly acute, infrequently anthocyanic;

palea keels sparsely scabrous, glabrous or softly puberulent at midlength, intercostal regions usually softly puberulent;

anthers 3, 0.2-1 mm.

distinctly keeled, keels smooth;

lower glumes 1-veined;

calluses glabrous;

lemmas 1.7-4 mm, lanceolate, distinctly keeled, smooth throughout, proximal lemmas glabrous throughout or the keels and marginal veins sparsely short-villous, distal lemmas glabrous or the keels and marginal veins short-villous to near the apices, lateral veins moderately prominent, intercostal regions glabrous, margins smooth, glabrous, apices obtuse to acute;

palea keels smooth, sometimes sparsely softly puberulent to short-villous;

anthers (1.25)1.5-2.5 mm, cylindrical prior to dehiscence, those of the upper 1-2 florets commonly vestigial.

2n

= unknown.

= 14.

Poa howellii

Poa supina

Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Poa howellii grows primarily on rocky banks and wooded slopes, from the coastal ranges of southern British Columbia to southern California. It differs from P. bolanderi (see above) in having puberulent, rather than smooth or scabrous, lemmas, and in growing at lower elevations, mostly from near sea level to 1000 m.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Poa supina is native to boreal to alpine regions of Eurasia. Beginning in the 1990s, the cultivar 'Supernova' has been introduced for seeding in wet to moist, cool, shady areas subject to heavy traffic. It has been tested in both Canada and the United States, and is expected to gradually escape cultivation, probably becoming established throughout the cool-temperate portion of the Flora region. Its current distribution is not known. Poa supina differs from P. annua (p. 519), of which is thought to be one of the parents, in having longer anthers and a more stoloniferous habit, as well as in being diploid. It is gynomonoecious.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 534. FNA vol. 24, p. 521.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Poa > subg. Poa > sect. Homalopoa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Poa > subg. Poa > sect. Micrantherae
Sibling taxa
P. abbreviata, P. alpina, P. alsodes, P. ammophila, P. annua, P. arachnifera, P. arctica, P. arida, P. arnowiae, P. atropurpurea, P. autumnalis, P. bigelovii, P. bolanderi, P. bulbosa, P. chaixii, P. chambersii, P. chapmaniana, P. compressa, P. confinis, P. curtifolia, P. cusickii, P. cuspidata, P. diaboli, P. douglasii, P. eminens, P. fendleriana, P. glauca, P. hartzii, P. infirma, P. interior, P. keckii, P. kelloggii, P. laxa, P. laxa × glauca, P. laxiflora, P. leibergii, P. leptocoma, P. lettermanii, P. macrantha, P. macrocalyx, P. marcida, P. napensis, P. nemoralis, P. nervosa, P. occidentalis, P. paludigena, P. palustris, P. paucispicula, P. piperi, P. porsildii, P. pratensis, P. pringlei, P. pseudoabbreviata, P. reflexa, P. rhizomata, P. saltuensis, P. secunda, P. sierrae, P. stebbinsii, P. stenantha, P. strictiramea, P. sublanata, P. suksdorfii, P. supina, P. sylvestris, P. tenerrima, P. tracyi, P. trivialis, P. unilateralis, P. wheeleri, P. wolfii, P. ×gaspensis, P. ×limosa, P. ×nematophylla
P. abbreviata, P. alpina, P. alsodes, P. ammophila, P. annua, P. arachnifera, P. arctica, P. arida, P. arnowiae, P. atropurpurea, P. autumnalis, P. bigelovii, P. bolanderi, P. bulbosa, P. chaixii, P. chambersii, P. chapmaniana, P. compressa, P. confinis, P. curtifolia, P. cusickii, P. cuspidata, P. diaboli, P. douglasii, P. eminens, P. fendleriana, P. glauca, P. hartzii, P. howellii, P. infirma, P. interior, P. keckii, P. kelloggii, P. laxa, P. laxa × glauca, P. laxiflora, P. leibergii, P. leptocoma, P. lettermanii, P. macrantha, P. macrocalyx, P. marcida, P. napensis, P. nemoralis, P. nervosa, P. occidentalis, P. paludigena, P. palustris, P. paucispicula, P. piperi, P. porsildii, P. pratensis, P. pringlei, P. pseudoabbreviata, P. reflexa, P. rhizomata, P. saltuensis, P. secunda, P. sierrae, P. stebbinsii, P. stenantha, P. strictiramea, P. sublanata, P. suksdorfii, P. sylvestris, P. tenerrima, P. tracyi, P. trivialis, P. unilateralis, P. wheeleri, P. wolfii, P. ×gaspensis, P. ×limosa, P. ×nematophylla
Synonyms P. bolanderi var. howellii
Name authority Vasey & Scribn. Schrad.
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