Poa bulbosa |
Poa hartzii |
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bulbous blue grass |
Hartz's bluegrass |
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Habit | Plants perennial; densely tufted, not rhizomatous, not stoloniferous. | Plants perennial; not glaucous; densely to loosely tufted, not rhizomatous,occasionally weakly stoloniferous. | ||||||||||||
Culms | 15-60 cm, erect or spreading, bases bulbous. |
10-33(45) cm, usually decumbent, terete; nodes terete, 0(1) exserted. |
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Sheaths | closed for about 1/4 their length, terete, lowest sheaths with swollen bases; ligules 1-3 mm, smooth or scabrous, apices obtuse to acute; blades 1-2.5 mm wide, flat, thin, lax, soon withering. |
closed for 1/7 – 1/5(1/3) their length, terete, usually lustrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous; ligules (1.5)2-7 mm, smooth or sparsely scabrous, margins usually decurrent, apices obtuse to acuminate; innovation blades similar in texture and shape to those of the culms; cauline blades 2-9 cm, gradually increasing or decreasing in length upwards, 1.5-3 mm wide, folded to involute, moderately thick, soft, abaxial surfaces smooth, adaxial surfaces smooth or somewhat scabrous, usually glabrous, infrequently sparsely hispidulous, apices narrowly prow-shaped. |
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Basal branching | intravaginal. |
extra- and intravaginal. |
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Panicles | 3-12 cm, ovoid; nodes with 2-5 branches; branches ascending to spreading, terete, usually smooth or sparsely scabrous, infrequently moderately scabrous. |
2.5-6(12) cm, erect, narrowly lanceolate, contracted or narrowly ovate in some bulbiferous plants, moderately congested, with 7-40 spikelets; nodes with (1)2(4) branches; branches 1-3 cm, erect to ascending, straight, sulcate, smooth or sparsely to moderately scabrous, with 1-10 spikelets in the distal 1/3 – 2/3. |
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Spikelets | 3-5 mm, laterally compressed, usually bulbiferous; florets 3-7, the basal floret, and sometimes additional florets, normal; rachilla internodes smooth, glabrous. |
4.8-7.4 mm, lengths 3.5-4 times widths, lanceolate, weakly laterally compressed, sometimes bulbiferous, lustrous; florets (2)3-5(6), normal or bulb-forming; rachilla internodes 0.8-2 mm, smooth, sometimes sparsely hispidulous. |
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Glumes | keeled, keels scabrous; lower glumes 3-veined; upper glumes shorter than or subequal to the lowest lemmas; calluses webbed or glabrous; lemmas 3-4 mm, lanceolate, keeled, glabrous or the keels and marginal veins short- to long-villous, intercostal regions glabrous or softly puberulent, apices acute; paleas scabrous, keels often softly puberulent at midlength; anthers 1.2-1.5 mm and functional, sometimes aborted late in development, sometimes not developed. |
mostly broadly scarious, somewhat lustrous, keels indistinct, smooth or sparsely scabrous distally; lower glumes 3-veined; upper glumes frequently exceeding the lowest lemmas; calluses glabrous or with a crown of hairs, hairs to 2 mm; lemmas (3.3)3.5-7 mm, lanceolate, usually weakly keeled, more or less evenly and somewhat loosely to densely hairy over the proximal 1/3-1/2, hairs usually longer than 0.5 mm, sparsely scabrous in the middle 1/3, smooth distally, lateral veins obscure, margins weakly inrolled, broadly scarious, glabrous, apices long-scarious, acute to shortly obtuse, often erose, often bronze-colored below the apices; palea keels sparsely scabrous, softly puberulent at midlength, intercostal regions softly puberulent; anthers usually all aborted late in development and 0.8-1.8 mm, infrequently well developed and 2-2.8 mm. |
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2n | = 14, 21, 28, 39, 42, 45. |
= 63, 70. |
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Poa bulbosa |
Poa hartzii |
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Distribution |
AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY
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AK; NT; NU; QC; Greenland |
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Discussion | Poa bulbosa is a European species that is now established in the Flora region. In southern Europe and the Middle East, it is considered an important early spring forage. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Poa hartzii grows only in the high arctic. It generally grows on open ground, on sandy or clayey soils, or on slumping slopes of old marine terraces. It carries two chloroplast genomes within its populations; one of these links it to P. secunda (p. 586) and P. ammophila (see next), the other to P. glauca (p. 576). Morphologically, it is closest to P. secunda and P. ammophila. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 516. | FNA vol. 24, p. 589. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Poa > subg. Poa > sect. Arenariae | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Poa > subg. Poa > sect. Secundae > subsect. Secundae | ||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Name authority | L. | Gand. | ||||||||||||
Web links |
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