Plumbago auriculata |
Plumbago |
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Cape leadwort |
leadwort |
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Habit | Plants evergreen shrubs. | Plants perennial shrubs or suffrutescent herbs; roots not known. | ||||
Stems | erect, trailing, or climbing, diffusely branched, to 3+ m, glabrous or pubescent on youngest shoots. |
erect, prostrate, or climbing, ribbed. |
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Leaves | usually sessile, sometimes short-petiolate; blade elliptic, oblanceolate, or spatulate, (1–)2.5–9 × 0.5–2.5 cm, base usually long-attenuate, sometimes auriculate, apex acute or obtuse, mucronate. |
cauline, sessile or short-petiolate (petiole usually less than 1.5 cm); blade elliptic to oblanceolate or spatulate, base narrowed, margins entire, apex acute, acuminate, or obtuse, membranaceous. |
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Inflorescences | 2.5–3(–5) cm, rachises short-pilose (hairs ca. 0.1 mm), eglandular; floral bracts lanceolate, 3–9 × 1–2 mm. |
terminal or axillary spikelike racemes or panicles. |
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Pedicels | 2-bracteolate, short. |
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Flowers | 3-stylous; calyx 10–13 mm, tube usually short-pilose and with stalked, capitate, glandlike protuberances ca. 1 mm along distal 1/2–3/4 of ribs; corolla pale blue, 37–53 mm, tube 28–40 mm (more than 2 times length of calyx), lobes 10–16 × 6–15 mm; stamens included or exserted. |
sometimes heterostylous, short-pedicellate; bracts absent; calyx persistent, 5-ribbed, tubular, with stalked, capitate-glandular protuberances along ribs; lobes triangular, 1–2 mm; corolla salverform, evenly to somewhat unevenly 5-lobed, lobes spreading, obovate, round, or truncate, mucronate; stamens included or exserted, free from corolla; style 1 included or exserted; stigmas 5, linear. |
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Fruits | capsules, included, brownish, long-beaked; valves coherent at apex. |
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Capsules | 8 mm. |
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Seeds | brown, 7 mm. |
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x | = 7. |
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2n | = 14 + 0–1B. |
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Plumbago auriculata |
Plumbago |
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Phenology | Flowering year-round. | |||||
Habitat | Hummocks, thickets, disturbed sites in dry soil | |||||
Elevation | 0-50 m (0-200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
FL; s Africa [Introduced in North America]
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North America; Central America; South America; Tropical and subtropical regions; Europe; Asia; Africa |
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Discussion | Plumbago auriculata is frequently cultivated in Mediterranean-type warmer climates, especially in California, Arizona, and Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
species 12 (2 in the flora) Several species of Plumbago are cultivated, including P. auriculata. The entire plant of that species, especially the root, contains plumbagin, a toxic naphthoquinone derivative (oil of plumbago), which may cause severe skin irritation or blistering in humans and may also be toxic to other animals (T. C. Fuller and E. McClintock 1986). The remarkable glands on the calyces of Plumbago are often called “glandular hairs,” but they are not true hairs, being much more massive and multicellular structures with enlarged, capitate apices. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 611. | FNA vol. 5, p. 610. | ||||
Parent taxa | Plumbaginaceae > Plumbago | Plumbaginaceae | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | P. capensis | |||||
Name authority | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 2: 270. (1786) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 151. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 75. (1754) | ||||
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