Pluchea sagittalis |
Pluchea |
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wing-stem camphorweed |
camphorweed |
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Habit | Perennials, 50–200 cm; fibrous-rooted. | Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees (usually fetid-aromatic), (20–)50–200(–500) cm; taprooted or fibrous-rooted. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | minutely hirtellous to strigillose and sessile-glandular (winged by decurrent leaf bases). |
erect, simple or branched, seldom winged (see P. sagittalis), usually puberulent to tomentose and stipitate- or sessile-glandular, sometimes glabrous. |
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Leaves | sessile; blades usually lanceolate to lance-elliptic (proximal sometimes spatulate or oblanceolate), mostly 5–15 × 1–3(–4) cm, margins shallowly and closely toothed, faces minutely hirtellous to strigillose and sessile-glandular. |
cauline, alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate, or ovate, bases clasping or not, margins entire or dentate, abaxial faces mostly arachnose, puberulent, sericeous, strigose, or villous and/or stipitate- or sessile-glandular, adaxial similar or glabrate or glabrous. |
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Involucres | hemispheric to cupulate, 4–7 × 8–10 mm. |
mostly campanulate, cupulate, cylindric, hemispheric, or turbinate, 3–10(–12) mm diam. |
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Receptacles | flat, epaleate. |
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Peripheral (pistillate) florets | in 3–10+ series, fertile; corollas creamy white, whitish, yellowish, pinkish, lavender, purplish, or rosy. |
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Inner (functionally staminate) florets | 2–40+; corollas creamy white, whitish, yellowish, pinkish, lavender, purplish, or rosy, lobes (4–)5. |
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Corollas | white or rose-purple. |
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Phyllaries | greenish to cream, ± stipitate-glandular (outer oval-oblong to linear-attenuate). |
persistent or falling, in 3–6+ series, mostly ovate to lanceolate or linear, unequal. |
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Heads | in corymbiform arrays. |
disciform, in corymbiform or paniculiform arrays (flat-topped or ± elongate). |
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Cypselae | oblong-cylindric, ribs 4–8, faces strigillose and/or minutely sessile-glandular or glabrous (in the flora, only P. sericea); pappi persistent or tardily falling, of distinct or basally connate, barbellate bristles in 1 series. |
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Pappi | persistent, bristles distinct. |
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x | = 10. |
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2n | = 20. |
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Pluchea sagittalis |
Pluchea |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Aug. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Moist or wet, open habitats, ballast deposit areas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–10 m (0–0 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; FL; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America] |
North America; South America; Tropical and warm-temperate regions; West Indies; se Asia; Africa; Australia; Pacific Islands |
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Discussion | Pluchea sagittalis is adventive, probably a waif; it was collected as a ballast weed by C. Mohr near Mobile (1891, 1894, 1896) and by A. H. Curtiss near Pensacola (1886, 1901). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 40–60 (9 in the flora). As currently treated, Pluchea is a heterogeneous group of species, variable in habit (trees and shrubs to herbs) and foliar, floral, and fruit morphology. The American, primarily herbaceous, species are divided into groups (G. L. Nesom 1989): sect. Pluchea, sect. Amplectifolium G. L. Nesom, and sect. Pterocaulis G. L. Nesom. Among the woody species, segregate genera have been recognized (Tessaria Ruiz & Pavón, Berthelotia de Candolle, Eremohylema A. Nelson); boundaries among segregates have not been clearly drawn. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 480. | FNA vol. 19, p. 478. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Plucheeae > Pluchea | Asteraceae > tribe Plucheeae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Conyza sagittalis, P. quitoc, P. suaveolens | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Lamarck) Cabrera: Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 3: 36. (1949) | Cassini: Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1817: 31. (1817) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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