Pluchea carolinensis |
Pluchea baccharis |
|
---|---|---|
cough bush, cure-for-all, sourbrush, sourbush, wild tobacco |
rosy camphorweed |
|
Habit | Subshrubs, 100–400 cm; tap-rooted. | Perennials, 40–60 cm; fibrous-rooted, sometimes rhizomatous. |
Stems | matted-villous with viscid, vitreous hairs, proximally glabrescent, not evidently glandular. |
puberulent to sparsely villous and stipitate- to sessile-glandular (sometimes viscid). |
Leaves | petiolate (petioles 10–40 mm); blades (thickish, strongly bicolor) elliptic to oblong-obovate or ovate, 5–16(–20) × 2–6(–8) cm, margins entire or denticulate (teeth callous-tipped), abaxial faces moderately or sparsely matted-villous to crinkly-puberulent, adaxial (green) glabrate. |
sessile; blades ovate to ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, 2–7 × 0.5–3 cm (bases cuneate to truncate or subcordate, clasping to subclasping), margins shallowly apiculate-toothed, faces puberulent to sparsely villous and stipitate- to sessile-glandular (sometimes viscid). |
Involucres | broadly campanulate to cupulate, 4.5–6 × 5–10 mm. |
campanulate to turbinate-campanulate or turbinate, 4–6 × 5–9 mm (bases obtuse to barely acute). |
Corollas | whitish to pink-lavender. |
rose-pink to purplish. |
Phyllaries | greenish to creamy or tan, sometimes slightly purple, glandular-tomentose. |
rose-pink to purplish, moderately appressed-villous to puberulous or arachnose, usually viscid-hairy as well (outer phyllaries ovate-acuminate to ovate-lanceolate, lengths 0.5–1 times inner). |
Heads | in dense, corymbiform arrays (held beyond the leaves, axes minutely bracteate, bracts abruptly differentiated from cauline leaves). |
in corymbiform arrays. |
Pappi | tardily falling, bristles distinct. |
persistent, bristles distinct. |
2n | = 20. |
= 20. |
Pluchea carolinensis |
Pluchea baccharis |
|
Phenology | Late Feb–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Roadsides, borders of hammocks | Wet savannas, flatwoods, pond edges, borrow pits, ditches |
Elevation | 0 m (0 ft) | 0–20 m (0–100 ft) |
Distribution |
Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda [Introduced, Fla.; introduced in Pacific Islands]
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Mexico; West Indies (Bahamas); Central America (Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua)
|
Discussion | Pluchea carolinensis is naturalized in the Hawaiian Islands and other Pacific Islands. The names Pluchea odorata of authors, not (Linnaeus) Cassini, and P. symphytifolia of authors, not Conyza symphytifolia Miller in the sense of W. T. Gillis (1977), have been used for plants here called Pluchea carolinensis. The taxon was long identified as P. odorata (R. K. Godfrey 1952) and was known as P. [Conyza] symphytifolia (Miller) Gillis for a while. Conyza symphytifolia Miller is a synonym of Neurolaena lobata (Linnaeus) Cassini (R. Khan and C. E. Jarvis 1989). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pluchea baccharis has been reported from Arkansas; I have not seen a specimen. Pluchea rosea var. mexicana R. K. Godfrey, endemic to inland gypseous-saline habitats in east-central Mexico, has been treated at specific rank (G. L. Nesom 1989). The geographic ranges of Pluchea baccharis and P. foetida are nearly congruent and the taxa intergrade in morphology. The distinction between them is based primarily on corolla and phyllary color. Features of involucral vestiture also appear to be relatively constant. Head size and shape are not reliable diagnostic features. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 480. | FNA vol. 19, p. 483. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Plucheeae > Pluchea | Asteraceae > tribe Plucheeae > Pluchea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Conyza carolinensis | Conyza baccharis, P. rosea |
Name authority | (Jacquin) G. Don: in R. Sweet, Hort Brit. ed. 3, 350. (1839) | (Miller) Pruski: Sida 21: 2035. (2005) |
Web links |