Platygyrium repens |
Hypnaceae |
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flat-brocade moss, platygyrium moss |
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Habit | Plants small to moderately large, green to bronze or darker, often blackish. | Plants small to large, lax to dense, in tufts or mats, dark green, yellow-green, golden green, or orange, sometimes reddish brown or nearly black, often lustrous. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stem(s) | with branches short or sometimes elongate, ascending, loosely foliate or sometimes julaceous, curved at apices or sometimes straight. |
and branch leaves similar or less commonly differentiated, straight to homomallous, often falcate-secund, usually ovate-lanceolate, often asymmetric, sometimes linear, lanceolate, or triangular, occasionally plicate; base sometimes decurrent; margins often plane, occasionally recurved proximally or throughout, entire or toothed; apex obtuse to acuminate; costa double, short, to obscure or ecostate; alar cells usually differentiated, often quadrate to short-rectangular, sometimes enlarged and inflated, pigmented or similar in color to other cells, excavate or plane; medial and distal laminal cells linear, hexagonal, or elongate-sinuate, smooth, sometimes prorulose at distal ends on abaxial surface. |
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Leaves | ascending to imbricate, not plicate, 0.8–1.1 mm; margins inconspicuously to strongly recurved proximally; apex acute to acuminate; medial laminal cells 44–57 × 5–6 µm. Specialized asexual reproduction by brood branchlets, many and conspicuous on branch apices. |
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Seta | 1.2–2 cm. |
elongate, smooth (occasionally scabrous near capsule in Ctenidium). |
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Sexual condition | autoicous, dioicous, or phyllodioicous. |
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Capsule | subcylindric, symmetric or slightly asymmetric, 1–2.5 mm; operculum slenderly long-rostrate. |
inclined, horizontal, or sometimes erect, cylindric or ovoid, usually smooth, often constricted below mouth when dry and empty; operculum conic or rostrate; peristome usually double; exostome teeth 16, external surface cross striate basally, papillose distally, sometimes bordered, internal surface often trabeculate; endostome usually free, sometimes fused to exostome, basal membrane high or rarely low, segments 16, cilia 1–3, nodose, rarely rudimentary or absent. |
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Calyptra | 1.5–2 mm. |
cucullate, smooth (weakly prorulose distally in Ctenidium), naked or rarely hairy. |
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Spores | 13–18 µm. |
spheric to ovoid, usually finely papillose, rarely smooth. |
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Specialized | asexual reproduction sometimes by leafy propagula or filamentous gemmae clustered in leaf axils. |
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Platygyrium repens |
Hypnaceae |
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Phenology | Capsules mature Aug–Apr, Jun. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Shady, moist forests, logs, stumps, tree trunks and bases, old wood structures, shaded rock, soil | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | low to high elevations (0-2000 m) (low to high elevations (0-6600 ft)) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe; Asia; Africa
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Nearly worldwide; most diverse in subtropics and tropics |
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Discussion | Platygyrium repens is one of the most ubiquitous pleurocarpous mosses in eastern North America. The species fruits infrequently in the northern reaches of its range and not at all in the southern portions. Brood branches are usually present and are rarely elongate and in such abundance that the plants dissolve into seemingly amorphous masses of slender branchlets. Although most specimens of P. repens can be identified easily, occasional sterile specimens lacking brood branchlets may defy certain identification. Homomallium adnatum sometimes has brood branchlets at its branch apices, and some sterile specimens may not be confidently distinguished from sterile specimens of P. repens. However, in H. adnatum the medial laminal cells are generally much shorter (rhombic or to 3–5:1) than those of P. repens, and foliose paraphyllia are sometimes present in the former but absent in P. repens. Erect branches bearing brood branchlets at their apices are also common in Leskeella nervosa, a more slender, dull, brownish, plant with narrow costate leaves, which co-occurs with P. repens in the northern reaches of its range. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 60, species ca. 600 (19 genera, 62 species in the flora). Hypnaceae are taxonomically problematic; the family once held a high proportion of pleurocarpous species, but as genera are monographed, they are often placed in other families. The distinctive hypnoid peristome has been used as a significant feature, but this is not entirely reliable. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 558. | FNA vol. 28, p. 515. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Hypnaceae > Platygyrium | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Pterigynandrum repens, P. repens var. ascendens, P. repens var. orthoclados | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Bridel) Schimper: in P. Bruch and W. P. Schimper, Bryol. Europ. 5: 98. (1851) | Schimper | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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