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lesser purple fringe bog-orchid, lesser purple fringe orchid, small purple-fringe orchid

purple-petal bog orchid

Habit Plants 14–101 cm. Plants 24–80 cm.
Leaves

2–5, wide-spreading, recurved to somewhat ascending, scattered along stem, gradually reduced to bracts distally;

blade lanceolate, oblong-elliptic, or oblong-obovate, 5–22 × 1.5–7 cm.

few–several, abruptly diverging or sometimes ascending, scattered along stem;

blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 5.5–16(–28) × 1–4.5 cm.

Spikes

lax to very dense.

very lax to dense, flowers sometimes irregularly grouped in fascicles.

Flowers

resupinate, showy, lavender- to rose-purple, rarely white;

lateral sepals reflexed to somewhat spreading;

petals spatulate to broadly obovate or cuneate-oblong, margins dentate-lacerate to sparsely fringed;

lip descending to somewhat porrect, deeply 3-lobed, without basal thickening, 5–13 × 5–17 mm, distal margins of lobes fringed, sometimes deeply, lateral lobes often reflexed or slightly elevated above middle lobe, broadly to narrowly cuneate, middle lobe sometimes reflexed, broadly cuneate-flabellate, often emarginate to 2-fid;

spur slenderly cylindric to slightly clavate, 12–22 mm;

rostellum lobes nearly parallel, directed downward, short, rounded;

pollinaria nearly straight;

pollinia remaining enclosed within anther sacs;

viscidia suborbiculate to broadly elliptic;

ovary slender to stout, 9–16 mm.

resupinate, not showy, green to yellowish green, often suffused with blue or lip sometimes with red;

lateral sepals spreading to reflexed;

petals ovate- to lance-falcate, margins entire;

lip descending to somewhat reflexed or projecting, lanceolate to ovate, sometimes with prominent suborbiculate basal dilation, without basal thickening, 4–8 × 1.5–3 mm;

spur strongly clavate to scrotiform, 2–3 mm, apex obtuse;

rostellum lobes strongly diverging, very small, rounded, obscure;

pollinaria straight;

pollinia remaining enclosed in anther sacs;

viscidia orbiculate to oblong;

ovary rather slender to stout, mostly 5–9 mm.

2n

= 42.

= 42 [63].

Platanthera psycodes

Platanthera purpurascens

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug(–Sep). Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Alluvial and swamp forests, stream banks, riparian meadows, moist and seeping slopes, marshes, roadside banks, ditches, old fields Stream banks, shores, ditches, fens, seeping slopes, roadsides, commonly in thickets, open woods
Elevation 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) 2500–3300 m (8200–10800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; NM; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Platanthera psycodes is known to hybridize with P. lacera in the northeasternmost portion of its range, where the species bloom simultaneously. Such hybrids are known as P. ×andrewsii (M. White) Luer; see the discussion under P. lacera. A few specimens also suggest very rare hybridization with P. grandiflora.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Flowers of Platanthera purpurascens are strongly semen scented, and their musty scent is markedly different than the sweet and spicy scents of other fragrant species.

In some areas this species hybridizes with Platanthera dilatata var. albiflora, producing sweetly fragant plants with lanceolate green lips. At the southern edge of its range, however, it often occurs with similar plants in the absence of another putative parent. The identity of these plants is uncertain. Their rather generalized morphology might mask polyphyletic origins.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 565. FNA vol. 26, p. 560.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Platanthera Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Platanthera
Sibling taxa
P. aquilonis, P. blephariglottis, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. chorisiana, P. ciliaris, P. clavellata, P. convallariifolia, P. cristata, P. dilatata, P. flava, P. grandiflora, P. hookeri, P. huronensis, P. hyperborea, P. integra, P. integrilabia, P. lacera, P. leucophaea, P. limosa, P. macrophylla, P. nivea, P. obtusata, P. orbiculata, P. peramoena, P. praeclara, P. purpurascens, P. sparsiflora, P. stricta, P. tipuloides, P. zothecina
P. aquilonis, P. blephariglottis, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. chorisiana, P. ciliaris, P. clavellata, P. convallariifolia, P. cristata, P. dilatata, P. flava, P. grandiflora, P. hookeri, P. huronensis, P. hyperborea, P. integra, P. integrilabia, P. lacera, P. leucophaea, P. limosa, P. macrophylla, P. nivea, P. obtusata, P. orbiculata, P. peramoena, P. praeclara, P. psycodes, P. sparsiflora, P. stricta, P. tipuloides, P. zothecina
Synonyms Orchis psycodes, Habenaria psycodes Limnorchis purpurascens, P. hyperborea var. purpurascens
Name authority (Linnaeus) Lindley: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl., 294. (1835) (Rydberg) Sheviak & W. F. Jennings: N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 3: 445. (1997)
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