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greater purple fringe bog-orchid, greater purple fringe orchid

orange fringe bog-orchid, yellow fringe orchid

Habit Plants 27–120 cm. Plants 24–100 cm.
Leaves

2–6, wide-spreading and recurved to somewhat ascending, scattered along stem, gradually reduced to bracts distally;

blade lanceolate, elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or oblong-obovate, 13–24 × 2.5–9 cm.

2–4, spreading to ascending, gradually to somewhat abruptly reduced to bracts distally;

blade lanceolate to lance-elliptic, 5–40 × 0.6–6 cm.

Spikes

lax to rather dense.

rather dense.

Flowers

resupinate, showy, lavender- to rose-purple, rarely white;

lateral sepals spreading to somewhat reflexed;

petals ovate, oblong, elliptic-oblong, or oblong-obovate, margins crenate to dentate-lacerate, sometimes nearly entire;

lip descending to somewhat porrect, deeply 3-lobed, without basal thickening, 10–25 × 14–26 mm, distal margins of lobes fringed, usually deeply, lateral lobes sometimes perpendicular to middle lobe, lateral lobes cuneate, often broadly so, middle lobe broadly cuneate-flabellate, often emarginate to 2-fid;

spur clavate, 15–35 mm;

rostellum lobes directed forward, spreading, angular;

pollinaria nearly straight;

pollinia remaining enclosed in anther sacs;

viscidia orbiculate;

ovary slender to stout, 12–25 mm.

resupinate, showy, orange;

dorsal sepal entire or rarely emarginate;

lateral sepals reflexed;

petals linear to linear-cuneate, margins apically fringed;

lip porrect to descending, oblong to broadly ovate-spatulate, without basal thickening, 8–19 × 4–18 mm, margins deeply filiform-fringed;

spur slenderly cylindric, rarely slightly clavate, 20–35 mm;

rostellum lobes scarcely to markedly curving forward, slightly spreading, angular-elongate;

pollinaria with stalks nearly straight to curved forward;

pollinia remaining enclosed in anther sacs;

viscidia orbiculate;

ovary slender, 12–27 mm.

2n

= 42.

Platanthera grandiflora

Platanthera ciliaris

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering (Jun–)Jul–Sep.
Habitat Alluvial and swamp forests, stream banks, seeping slopes, marshes, sphagnum bog forests, mesic wooded slopes, old fields Moist sandy and peaty meadows, marshes, prairies, pine savannas, open woods, wet wooded flats, seeping slopes, roadsides, dry wooded slopes, sphagnum bogs
Elevation 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft) 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; MA; MD; ME; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WV; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Platanthera grandiflora is known to hybridize with P. lacera in the northeasternmost portion of its range, where the species bloom simultaneously. The name P. ×keenanii P. M. Brown has recently been proposed for these hybrids, but the complex synonymy of this group dictates that types be checked for possible priority. See the discussion under P. lacera. A few specimens also suggest very rare hybridization with P. psycodes (W. P. Stoutamire 1974).

Rare white-flowered plants may be separated from 23. Platanthera leucophaea by the orientation of the pollinia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Selection for longer spurs in response to local pollination pressures on the southeastern Coastal Plain has been documented in Platanthera ciliaris, but the extent of variation is minimal, and the situation does not appear to be comparable to that in P. blephariglottis.

Hybrids of Platanthera ciliaris with P. blephariglottis are P. ×bicolor (Rafinesque) Luer and with P. cristata are P. ×channellii Folsom; until recently the latter was confused with P. chapmanii (J. P. Folsom 1984).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 565. FNA vol. 26, p. 568.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Platanthera Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Platanthera
Sibling taxa
P. aquilonis, P. blephariglottis, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. chorisiana, P. ciliaris, P. clavellata, P. convallariifolia, P. cristata, P. dilatata, P. flava, P. hookeri, P. huronensis, P. hyperborea, P. integra, P. integrilabia, P. lacera, P. leucophaea, P. limosa, P. macrophylla, P. nivea, P. obtusata, P. orbiculata, P. peramoena, P. praeclara, P. psycodes, P. purpurascens, P. sparsiflora, P. stricta, P. tipuloides, P. zothecina
P. aquilonis, P. blephariglottis, P. brevifolia, P. chapmanii, P. chorisiana, P. clavellata, P. convallariifolia, P. cristata, P. dilatata, P. flava, P. grandiflora, P. hookeri, P. huronensis, P. hyperborea, P. integra, P. integrilabia, P. lacera, P. leucophaea, P. limosa, P. macrophylla, P. nivea, P. obtusata, P. orbiculata, P. peramoena, P. praeclara, P. psycodes, P. purpurascens, P. sparsiflora, P. stricta, P. tipuloides, P. zothecina
Synonyms Orchis grandiflora, Habenaria fimbriata, Habenaria psycodes var. grandiflora Orchis ciliaris, Habenaria ciliaris
Name authority (Bigelow) Lindley: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl., 294. (1835) (Linnaeus) Lindley: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl., 292. (1835)
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