Platanthera clavellata |
Platanthera purpurascens |
|
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little club-spur bog-orchid, small green wood orchid |
purple-petal bog orchid |
|
Habit | Plants 8–47 cm. | Plants 24–80 cm. |
Leaves | 1(–2), on basal half of stem, ascending to spreading, usually abruptly reduced to bracts distally; blade oblanceolate to oblong, linear-oblong, or elliptic, 3–19 × 0.8–3.5 cm. |
few–several, abruptly diverging or sometimes ascending, scattered along stem; blade oblong to ovate or lanceolate, 5.5–16(–28) × 1–4.5 cm. |
Spikes | moderately dense. |
very lax to dense, flowers sometimes irregularly grouped in fascicles. |
Flowers | resupinate, often incompletely so and held at angle, not showy, rather inconspicuous pale green to dull yellowish green; lateral sepals porrect; petals ovate to obovate; lip oblong, obscurely 3-lobed, without basal thickening, 3–7 × 3–4 mm, margins sometimes dentate-lacerate, apex truncate; spur clavate, 7–13 mm; rostellum lobes directed downward, very short, truncate; pollinaria straight or slightly curved laterally; pollinia fragmenting, pollen masses trailing down onto stigma; viscidia linear to linear lanceolate; ovary rather stout, 6–11 mm. |
resupinate, not showy, green to yellowish green, often suffused with blue or lip sometimes with red; lateral sepals spreading to reflexed; petals ovate- to lance-falcate, margins entire; lip descending to somewhat reflexed or projecting, lanceolate to ovate, sometimes with prominent suborbiculate basal dilation, without basal thickening, 4–8 × 1.5–3 mm; spur strongly clavate to scrotiform, 2–3 mm, apex obtuse; rostellum lobes strongly diverging, very small, rounded, obscure; pollinaria straight; pollinia remaining enclosed in anther sacs; viscidia orbiculate to oblong; ovary rather slender to stout, mostly 5–9 mm. |
2n | = 42. |
= 42 [63]. |
Platanthera clavellata |
Platanthera purpurascens |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (Jun–Aug). | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Sphagnum bogs, sphagnous seeps and meadows, wet sandy and peaty meadows, marshes, low woods, wet prairies, and roadsides | Stream banks, shores, ditches, fens, seeping slopes, roadsides, commonly in thickets, open woods |
Elevation | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) | 2500–3300 m (8200–10800 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
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AZ; CA; CO; NM; WY
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Discussion | In common with Platanthera nivea and P. integra, the column of P. clavellata bears a series of lateral projections that are directed forward; the upper pair is elaborately adorned and may be glandular. It appears that this species is inappropriately placed in Platanthera. See note under 30. P. nivea. The broader leaves cited as distinguishing Platanthera clavellata var. ophioglossoides are more prevalent in the North, but occur throughout the range of the species. In some areas populations commonly display a complete range of leaf shape; this feature alone is of no taxonomic significance. The unusual and infrequent hybrid Platanthera blephariglottis × P. clavellata is P. ×vossii Case. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Flowers of Platanthera purpurascens are strongly semen scented, and their musty scent is markedly different than the sweet and spicy scents of other fragrant species. In some areas this species hybridizes with Platanthera dilatata var. albiflora, producing sweetly fragant plants with lanceolate green lips. At the southern edge of its range, however, it often occurs with similar plants in the absence of another putative parent. The identity of these plants is uncertain. Their rather generalized morphology might mask polyphyletic origins. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 570. | FNA vol. 26, p. 560. |
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Platanthera | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Platanthera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Orchis clavellata, Habenaria clavellata, Habenaria clavellata var. ophioglossoides | Limnorchis purpurascens, P. hyperborea var. purpurascens |
Name authority | (Michaux) Luer: Native Orchids Florida, 148. (1972) | (Rydberg) Sheviak & W. F. Jennings: N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 3: 445. (1997) |
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