Plantago subnuda |
Plantago indica |
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coastal plantain, Mexican plantain, tall coastal plantain |
plantain des sables, sand plantain |
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Habit | Perennials; caudex well developed, conspicuous, glabrous or hairy; roots taproots, fragile. | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. |
Stems | 0–10 mm. |
100–350 mm, freely branched. |
Leaves | 60–360 × 15–65 mm; blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, margins toothed, veins conspicuous, surfaces pilose, rarely glabrate, adaxial surface hairs not floccose, less than 2 mm long, more than 0.03 mm wide. |
cauline, opposite, 60–80 × 1–3 mm; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces hairy. |
Scapes | 55–360 mm, hairy, hairs antrorse, long. |
100–650 mm, hairy. |
Spikes | greenish or brownish, 110–720 mm, densely or loosely flowered; bracts ovate, rarely triangular, 2.5–4 mm, length 0.8–1.3 times sepals. |
greenish or brownish, (50–)150–250 mm, densely flowered, eglandular; bracts proximal strongly differing from distal, ovate, 2–5(–7) mm, length 1–1.5 times sepals, proximal bracts: apex acute. |
Flowers | sepals 2.6–3.1 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes erect, forming a beak, 2.4–2.7 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 2–3 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2–4 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Seeds | 3, 1.8–2.5 mm. |
2, 2–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 48. |
= 12. |
Plantago subnuda |
Plantago indica |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–fall. | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Moist ground. | Roadsides, railroads, sandy shorelines. |
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA
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CA; CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; ON; QC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Plantago subnuda occurs primarily in counties along the Pacific coast from southwestern Washington to southern California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
While considering the proposal made by W. L. Applequist (2006) to reject Plantago psyllium, the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants also decided that P. indica is a legitimate name (R. K. Brummitt 2009). A. B. Doweld and A. Shipunov (2017) published a proposal to reject P. indica in favor of P. arenaria. That proposal awaits a decision by that committee. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 293. | FNA vol. 17, p. 288. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. arenaria, P. psyllium | |
Name authority | Pilger: Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 260. (1912) | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 896. 1759, legitimacy of — name in question |
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