Plantago sparsiflora |
Plantago maritima |
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pineland plantain |
Alaska plantain, common plantain, goose tongue, maritime plantain, plantain maritime, salt marsh plantain, sea plantain, seaside plantain |
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Habit | Perennials; caudex well developed, conspicuous, glabrous; roots taproots, thick. | Perennials, rarely annuals; caudex absent or well developed, conspicuous, glabrous or hairy; roots taproots, thick. |
Stems | 0–10 mm. |
0–40 mm, usually branched. |
Leaves | 50–300 × 10–30 mm; blade lanceolate, margins entire, sometimes toothed, veins conspicuous, laterals branching from base, surfaces sparsely hairy. |
10–220 × (1–)10–15 mm; blade linear to lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, veins not conspicuous, surfaces glabrous, sometimes hairy. |
Scapes | 75–150 mm, sparsely hairy. |
40–120 mm, glabrous or hirsute. |
Spikes | brownish or greenish, 100–450 mm, loosely flowered, rachis visible between flowers; bracts ovate, 1 mm, length 0.5–0.6 times sepals. |
greenish or brownish, (15–)50–200(–290) mm, densely or loosely flowered; bracts broadly ovate, 1.5–4(–6) mm, length 0.8–1.2 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 2 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes spreading, 1 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 1.5–3.5 mm; corolla radially symmetric, tube hairy, lobes reflexed, 1–1.5 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Seeds | 2, 2 mm. |
1–3, 1.5–3 mm. |
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Plantago sparsiflora |
Plantago maritima |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist, sandy soils, open, undisturbed pine woods. | Marine shorelines, crevices of large rocks in sea spray, coastal and inland salt marshes, alkaline and saline flats, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 0–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; GA; NC; SC
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AK; CA; CT; MA; ME; NH; NJ; NY; OR; RI; VA; WA; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Mexico; Central America; South America; Greenland; Eurasia; Africa
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Discussion | Populations of Plantago sparsiflora occur mainly along the Atlantic coast from Columbia County, North Carolina, south to Volusia County, Florida. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plantago maritima has been reported from Utah; no specimen supporting that report has been found. Since the 1930s, when Plantago maritima was shown to have high levels of phenotypic plasticity (J. W. Gregor and J. M. S. Lang 1950), it usually has been accepted in a broad sense. That approach is followed here, with all dwarf and loose-flowered forms (such as P. borealis and P. decipiens, respectively) included under this name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 292. | FNA vol. 17, p. 289. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. borealis, P. decipiens, P. juncoides, P. juncoides var. californica, P. juncoides var. decipiens, P. juncoides var. glauca, P. juncoides var. laurentiana, P. maritima subsp. borealis, P. maritima var. californica, P. maritima var. decipiens, P. maritima var. glauca, P. maritima subsp. juncoides, P. maritima var. juncoides, P. oliganthos, P. oliganthos var. fallax | |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 94. (1803) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 114. (1753) |
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