Plantago sempervirens |
Plantago patagonica |
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evergreen plantain |
Indian wheat, Patagonia plantain, Pursh's plantain, woolly plantain |
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Habit | Perennials, sometimes woody; roots taproots, slender. | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. |
Stems | 100–400 mm, freely branched. |
0–15 mm. |
Leaves | cauline, opposite, 30–60 × 0.75–1 mm; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire, veins inconspicuous, surfaces hairy. |
(25–)50–120 × 1–4 mm; blade linear, margins entire, rarely toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous. |
Scapes | 30–80 mm, hairy. |
(10–)40–240(–260) mm, hairy, hairs antrorse, long and short and patent, long. |
Spikes | greenish or brownish, 40–85 mm, densely flowered; bracts broadly ovate, 5–6 mm, lengths equal to sepals. |
grayish or brownish, 40–120 mm, densely flowered, flowers in whorls or pairs; bracts triangular or narrowly ovate, 2–10 mm, length 1–2 times sepals, apex acute or acuminate. |
Flowers | sepals 5–6 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 3–3.5 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 2.2–4.8 mm; corolla bilaterally symmetric, lobes reflexed, 1.6–2.1 mm, base cordate; stamens 4, connective usually elongated, apex acute. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, 2 mm. |
2, 2.2–2.6 mm. |
2n | = 12. |
= 20. |
Plantago sempervirens |
Plantago patagonica |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | Flowering early summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed habitats. | Dry sandy soils, grasslands, openings, disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 0–3600 m. (0–11800 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; s Europe [Introduced in North America] |
AR; AZ; CA; CO; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK; South America; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Plantago sempervirens is known from San Diego County; one specimen (JEPS) was collected in 2008 in Torrey Pines State Reserve. Plantago cynops Linnaeus (1762, not 1753), a rejected name, has been misapplied to P. sempervirens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The circumscription of Plantago patagonica is treated here in accordance with K. Rahn (1978). The phenotypic plasticity of it does not allow varieties or subspecies to be recognized. Plants recognized in other floras as P. purshii (for example, Flora of Indiana and Flora of New Mexico) are referable to either P. aristata or P. patagonica (Rahn). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 292. | FNA vol. 17, p. 290. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. patagonica var. breviscapa, P. patagonica var. gnaphalioides, P. patagonica var. spinulosa, P. purshii var. oblonga, P. spinulosa | |
Name authority | Crantz: Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 331. (1766) | Jacquin: Icon. Pl. Rar. 2: 9, plate 306. (1795) |
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