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evergreen plantain

Indian wheat, Patagonia plantain, Pursh's plantain, woolly plantain

Habit Perennials, sometimes woody; roots taproots, slender. Annuals; roots taproots, slender.
Stems

100–400 mm, freely branched.

0–15 mm.

Leaves

cauline, opposite, 30–60 × 0.75–1 mm;

blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire, veins inconspicuous, surfaces hairy.

(25–)50–120 × 1–4 mm;

blade linear, margins entire, rarely toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous.

Scapes

30–80 mm, hairy.

(10–)40–240(–260) mm, hairy, hairs antrorse, long and short and patent, long.

Spikes

greenish or brownish, 40–85 mm, densely flowered;

bracts broadly ovate, 5–6 mm, lengths equal to sepals.

grayish or brownish, 40–120 mm, densely flowered, flowers in whorls or pairs;

bracts triangular or narrowly ovate, 2–10 mm, length 1–2 times sepals, apex acute or acuminate.

Flowers

sepals 5–6 mm;

corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 3–3.5 mm, base obtuse;

stamens 4.

sepals 2.2–4.8 mm;

corolla bilaterally symmetric, lobes reflexed, 1.6–2.1 mm, base cordate;

stamens 4, connective usually elongated, apex acute.

Seeds

1 or 2, 2 mm.

2, 2.2–2.6 mm.

2n

= 12.

= 20.

Plantago sempervirens

Plantago patagonica

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering early summer.
Habitat Disturbed habitats. Dry sandy soils, grasslands, openings, disturbed areas.
Elevation 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) 0–3600 m. (0–11800 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; s Europe [Introduced in North America]
from FNA
AR; AZ; CA; CO; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK; South America; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Plantago sempervirens is known from San Diego County; one specimen (JEPS) was collected in 2008 in Torrey Pines State Reserve.

Plantago cynops Linnaeus (1762, not 1753), a rejected name, has been misapplied to P. sempervirens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The circumscription of Plantago patagonica is treated here in accordance with K. Rahn (1978). The phenotypic plasticity of it does not allow varieties or subspecies to be recognized. Plants recognized in other floras as P. purshii (for example, Flora of Indiana and Flora of New Mexico) are referable to either P. aristata or P. patagonica (Rahn).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 292. FNA vol. 17, p. 290.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Plantago Plantaginaceae > Plantago
Sibling taxa
P. afra, P. argyrea, P. aristata, P. australis, P. canescens, P. cordata, P. coronopus, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. indica, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. patagonica, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
P. afra, P. argyrea, P. aristata, P. australis, P. canescens, P. cordata, P. coronopus, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. indica, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sempervirens, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
Synonyms P. patagonica var. breviscapa, P. patagonica var. gnaphalioides, P. patagonica var. spinulosa, P. purshii var. oblonga, P. spinulosa
Name authority Crantz: Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 331. (1766) Jacquin: Icon. Pl. Rar. 2: 9, plate 306. (1795)
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