Plantago rugelii |
Plantago floccosa |
|
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blackseed plantain, plantain de Rugel, Rugel's plantain |
floccose plantain |
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Habit | Perennials, sometimes annuals; caudex absent; roots fibrous, thick. | Perennials; caudex well developed, conspicuous, glabrous or hairy; roots several taproots, fragile. |
Stems | 0–20 mm. |
0–30 mm. |
Leaves | 20–150 × 10–120 mm; petiole to 200 mm; blade ovate to cordate-ovate, margins entire or toothed, veins conspicuous, surfaces glabrous or hirsute. |
50–220 × 9–60 mm; blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, margins with inconspicuous teeth, veins conspicuous, surfaces hairy, adaxial surface hairs floccose, slender, 4–6 × 0.01–0.03 mm. |
Scapes | 50–250 mm, glabrous or hirsute. |
55–220 mm, lanate, hairs variously directed, long. |
Spikes | brownish or greenish, 50–300 mm, densely or loosely flowered; bracts narrowly lanceolate, 2 mm, length 1–1.2 times sepals. |
greenish or brownish, 200–500 mm, densely flowered, flowers less crowded proximally; bracts narrowly triangular or triangular, 2–2.8 mm, lengths 0.9–1 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 1.5–2 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 0.5–1 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 1.9–2.7 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes erect, forming a beak, 2–2.9 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Fruits | 4–6(–8) mm, dehiscing proximal to middle. |
|
Seeds | 4 or 5(–8), 1.5–2 mm. |
3, 1.8–2.4 mm. |
2n | = 24. |
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Plantago rugelii |
Plantago floccosa |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Open woods, meadows, pastures, waste places. | Roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
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FL; Mexico (Hidalgo, México, Querétaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Plants of Plantago major and P. rugelii are morphologically indistinguishable when young; they may be differentiated with certainty only at fruiting stage. DNA sequence data (A. Shipunov et al. 2014) confirm that the two species are distinct: P. rugelii is different from P. major by 11 substitutions in the ITS2 sequence. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
According to J. Burkhalter (pers. comm.), Plantago floccosa is well established in northwestern Florida near the border with Alabama. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 292. | FNA vol. 17, p. 287. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Decaisne: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 700. (1852) | Decaisne: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 723. (1852) |
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