Plantago rugelii |
Plantago cordata |
|
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blackseed plantain, plantain de Rugel, Rugel's plantain |
heart-leaf plantain |
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Habit | Perennials, sometimes annuals; caudex absent; roots fibrous, thick. | Perennials; caudex well developed, conspicuous, glabrous; roots fibrous, thick. |
Stems | 0–20 mm. |
0–20 mm. |
Leaves | 20–150 × 10–120 mm; petiole to 200 mm; blade ovate to cordate-ovate, margins entire or toothed, veins conspicuous, surfaces glabrous or hirsute. |
100–300 × 80–200 mm; petiole to 300 mm; blade broadly oval to cordate-ovate, margins entire, veins conspicuous, laterals branching from midvein distal to base, surfaces glabrous. |
Scapes | 50–250 mm, glabrous or hirsute. |
200–300 mm, glabrous. |
Spikes | brownish or greenish, 50–300 mm, densely or loosely flowered; bracts narrowly lanceolate, 2 mm, length 1–1.2 times sepals. |
brownish or greenish, 100–500 mm, loosely flowered, rachis visible between flowers; bracts round-ovate, 2 mm, length 0.8–1 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 1.5–2 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 0.5–1 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 2–2.5 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes spreading, 2–2.5 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Fruits | 4–6(–8) mm, dehiscing proximal to middle. |
|
Seeds | 4 or 5(–8), 1.5–2 mm. |
2–4, 2.5–3.5 mm. |
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Plantago rugelii |
Plantago cordata |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering late spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Open woods, meadows, pastures, waste places. | Rocky or gravelly beds of shallow, slow-moving streams, sloughs, swamps. |
Elevation | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
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AL; AR; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NY; OH; TN; VA; WI; ON
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Discussion | Plants of Plantago major and P. rugelii are morphologically indistinguishable when young; they may be differentiated with certainty only at fruiting stage. DNA sequence data (A. Shipunov et al. 2014) confirm that the two species are distinct: P. rugelii is different from P. major by 11 substitutions in the ITS2 sequence. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plantago cordata is listed as federally endangered in Canada and is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 292. | FNA vol. 17, p. 285. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Decaisne: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 700. (1852) | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck and J. L. M. Poiret, Tabl. Encycl. 1: 338. (1792) |
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