Plantago patagonica |
Plantago indica |
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Indian wheat, Patagonia plantain, Pursh's plantain, woolly plantain |
plantain des sables, sand plantain |
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Habit | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. |
Stems | 0–15 mm. |
100–350 mm, freely branched. |
Leaves | (25–)50–120 × 1–4 mm; blade linear, margins entire, rarely toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous. |
cauline, opposite, 60–80 × 1–3 mm; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces hairy. |
Scapes | (10–)40–240(–260) mm, hairy, hairs antrorse, long and short and patent, long. |
100–650 mm, hairy. |
Spikes | grayish or brownish, 40–120 mm, densely flowered, flowers in whorls or pairs; bracts triangular or narrowly ovate, 2–10 mm, length 1–2 times sepals, apex acute or acuminate. |
greenish or brownish, (50–)150–250 mm, densely flowered, eglandular; bracts proximal strongly differing from distal, ovate, 2–5(–7) mm, length 1–1.5 times sepals, proximal bracts: apex acute. |
Flowers | sepals 2.2–4.8 mm; corolla bilaterally symmetric, lobes reflexed, 1.6–2.1 mm, base cordate; stamens 4, connective usually elongated, apex acute. |
sepals 2–3 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2–4 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Seeds | 2, 2.2–2.6 mm. |
2, 2–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 20. |
= 12. |
Plantago patagonica |
Plantago indica |
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Phenology | Flowering early summer. | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Dry sandy soils, grasslands, openings, disturbed areas. | Roadsides, railroads, sandy shorelines. |
Elevation | 0–3600 m. (0–11800 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; AZ; CA; CO; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK; South America; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA; CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; ON; QC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | The circumscription of Plantago patagonica is treated here in accordance with K. Rahn (1978). The phenotypic plasticity of it does not allow varieties or subspecies to be recognized. Plants recognized in other floras as P. purshii (for example, Flora of Indiana and Flora of New Mexico) are referable to either P. aristata or P. patagonica (Rahn). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
While considering the proposal made by W. L. Applequist (2006) to reject Plantago psyllium, the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants also decided that P. indica is a legitimate name (R. K. Brummitt 2009). A. B. Doweld and A. Shipunov (2017) published a proposal to reject P. indica in favor of P. arenaria. That proposal awaits a decision by that committee. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 290. | FNA vol. 17, p. 288. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. patagonica var. breviscapa, P. patagonica var. gnaphalioides, P. patagonica var. spinulosa, P. purshii var. oblonga, P. spinulosa | P. arenaria, P. psyllium |
Name authority | Jacquin: Icon. Pl. Rar. 2: 9, plate 306. (1795) | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 896. 1759, legitimacy of — name in question |
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